本文介绍了有关分散相对所选润滑剂组合物的润滑和流变性能的影响的研究结果。植物油基料(菜籽油)用于制备植物润滑剂,然后用硬脂酸锂增稠,硬脂酸钙,硬脂酸铝,无定形二氧化硅,和蒙脱石。根据选定润滑组合物的摩擦学测试结果,发现硬脂酸钙和蒙脱石对所测试的润滑脂的抗磨性能有最有益的影响,而二氧化硅增稠剂(无定形二氧化硅和蒙脱石)提供有效的抗磨损保护相比,锂和硬脂酸铝生产的润滑剂。对于用蒙脱石增稠的润滑脂,发现结构粘度最低。对于组成,观察到该参数的值要高得多,硬脂酸铝是分散相,虽然在组合物中观察到结构粘度的最高值,其中气溶胶无定形二氧化硅是增稠剂。用无定形二氧化硅增稠的组合物具有最高的屈服点值,而以蒙脱石为分散相的组成值最低。动态粘度随温度降低,这是润滑油的特点。对于在高于50[°C]的温度下测试的润滑组合物,没有发现动态粘度的显著差异。观察到组合物的最有利的流变特性,它是用硬脂酸钙生产的,因为它允许在-20[°C]下的最低动态粘度。用硬脂酸锂或硬脂酸铝生产的润滑剂的特征在于在低温下较高的粘度。对于润滑脂,其中硬脂酸锂用作增稠剂,弹性指数的值决定了测试润滑脂的弱粘弹性性能,并且在施加力的影响下更倾向于改变结构。对于用硬脂酸铝增稠的植物油脂,观察到MSD功能值低15倍以上,计算的弹性指数值证明了硬脂酸铝润滑脂相对于用硬脂酸锂增稠的润滑脂具有更强的粘弹性。用无定形二氧化硅增稠的润滑脂的弹性指数值低于用锂和硬脂酸铝增稠的润滑脂的弹性指数值,表明其相对于这两种润滑脂具有更强的粘弹性。用于在植物油基上制备并用蒙脱石增稠的润滑脂组合物。弹性指数的值低于大多数测试的润滑脂组合物,没有构图,其中硬脂酸钙用作增稠剂。这样的结果证明了中等强的粘弹性,得出的结论是,在摩擦学接头工作过程中普遍存在的可变条件的影响下,所产生的润滑剂是化学结构变化的稳定物质。
This paper presents the results of a study on the effect of the dispersed phase on the lubricating and rheological properties of selected lubricant compositions. A vegetable oil base (rapeseed oil) was used to prepare vegetable lubricants, which were then thickened with lithium stearate, calcium stearate, aluminum stearate, amorphous silica, and
montmorillonite. Based on the results of the tribological tests of selected lubricating compositions, it was found that calcium stearate and
montmorillonite have the most beneficial effect on the anti-wear properties of the tested lubricating greases, while silica thickeners (amorphous silica and
montmorillonite) provide the effective anti-wear protection in compared to the lubricants produced on lithium and aluminum stearate. The lowest structural viscosity was found for grease thickened with
montmorillonite. Much higher values of this parameter were observed for composition, where aluminum stearate was the dispersed phase, while the highest value of structural viscosity was observed for composition, where aerosol-amorphous silica was the thickener. The composition thickened with amorphous silica had the highest yield point value, while the composition in which montmorillonite was the dispersed phase had the lowest value. Dynamic viscosity decreases with temperature, which is characteristic of lubricants. No significant differences in dynamic viscosity were found for the lubricating compositions tested at temperatures above 50 [°C]. The most favorable rheological properties were observed for composition, which was produced using calcium stearate, as it allows the lowest dynamic viscosity at -20 [°C]. Lubricants produced with lithium stearate or aluminum stearate were characterized by higher viscosity at low temperatures. For grease, in which the lithium stearate was used as a thickener, the value of the elasticity index determines the weak viscoelastic properties of tested grease and a greater tendency to change structure under the influence of applied forces. For vegetable grease thickened with aluminum stearate, more than 15 times lower values of the MSD function were observed, and the calculated elasticity index value proves the stronger viscoelastic properties of the aluminum stearate grease in relation to grease thickened with the lithium stearate. The elasticity index value for grease thickened with amorphous silica was lower than for greases thickened with lithium and aluminum stearate, indicating its stronger viscoelastic properties in relation to these two greases. For grease composition prepared on the vegetable oil base and thickened with
montmorillonite. The value of the elasticity index was lower than most of the tested grease compositions, without the composition, in which the calcium stearate was used as a thickener. Such results testify to moderately strong viscoelastic properties, which leads to the conclusion that the produced lubricant was a stable substance on changes in chemical structure under the influence of variable conditions prevailing during work in tribological joints.