背景:浅表真菌感染,尤其是皮肤,头皮和指甲非常常见,已在世界范围内报道。这些真菌病最常见的病原体是皮肤癣菌,酵母和霉菌.然而,这些代理随时间而变化,并取决于许多因素,包括地理位置。这项研究的目的是确定在达喀尔(塞内加尔)的LeDantec大学医院诊断的浅表真菌病的病原体。
方法:该研究涉及2011年1月至2015年12月在LeDantec医院寄生虫学和真菌学实验室接受的1851名门诊患者。每个患者都受益于直接检查和真菌学培养。
结果:在1851名患者中,633例确诊为浅表真菌病,患病率为34.2%。患者年龄为2个月至81岁,平均年龄为31岁。女性(70.3%)的浅表真菌病比男性(29.7%)多,成年人占39%(39.3%)。确定的病原体是:皮肤癣菌(58%),酵母(36.7%)和非皮肤癣丝状真菌(NDFF,5.3%)。最孤立的物种是:白色念珠菌(26.9%),南方毛癣菌(24.9%)和红色毛癣菌(13.7%)。这些真菌负责不同的临床方面,孤立和其他相关。在孤立的临床方面,到目前为止,影响头发(头癣)的比例最大,为44.8%,其次是甲癣(34.5%)。尤其是头癣和手癣(2.4%)以及与指间癣相关的脚趾甲真菌病(2.7%)。头癣剂仅为皮肤癣菌,主要剂为T.soudanense,占47,8%。癣剂是酵母(79%),皮肤癣菌(18%)或NDFF(3%),发现最多的物种是白色念珠菌(63.9%)。皮肤癣菌,酵母菌和霉菌分别在儿童和年轻人中发现得更多,老年人和年轻人,老年人和老年人。
结论:最终,这些流行病学数据应能更好地诊断和治疗浅表真菌病.
BACKGROUND: Superficial fungal infections, particularly of the skin, scalp and nails are very common and have been reported worldwide. The most common causative agents of these mycoses are dermatophytes, yeasts and molds. However, these agents vary with time and depend on many factors including the geography. The objective of this study was to identify the causative agents of superficial mycoses diagnosed at the Le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar (Senegal).
METHODS: The study concerned 1851 outpatients received in the parasitological and mycological laboratory of Le Dantec hospital during the period from January 2011 to December 2015. Every patient benefited from direct examination and mycological culture.
RESULTS: Among the 1851 patients, 633 were confirmed with superficial mycoses and the prevalence was 34.2 %. The age of patients ranged from two months to 81 years with a mean age of 31 years. Superficial mycoses were found more in women (70.3 %) than men (29.7 %) and a little more than thirty-nine percent (39.3 %) were adults. The causative agents identified were: dermatophytes (58 %), yeast (36.7 %) and non-dermatophytic filamentous fungi (NDFF, 5.3 %). The most isolated species were: Candida albicans (26.9 %), Trichophyton soudanense (24.9 %) and T. rubrum (13.7 %). These fungi were responsible for different clinical aspects, isolated and other associated. Among the isolated clinical aspects, those affecting hair (tinea capitis) were by far the largest with 44.8 %, followed by tinea unguium (34.5 %). Associations were especially type of tinea capitis and tinea manuum (2.4 %) and toenails onychomycosis associated with interdigital tinea pedis (2.7 %). Tinea capitis agents were exclusively dermatophytes and the predominant agent was T. soudanense with 47,8 %. Tinea unguium agents were yeast (79 %), dermatophytes (18 %) or NDFF (3 %) and the most found species was C. albicans (63.9 %). Dermatophytes, yeasts and molds were respectively found more in children and young adults, older adults and young adults and older adults and the elderly.
CONCLUSIONS: In definitive, these epidemiological data should enable better diagnostic and therapeutic management of superficial mycoses.