人工湿地(CWs)是受自然湿地启发的污染物处理设计,被广泛用于去除常见污染物。研究重点在于锰(Mn)在环境中的循环,以增强CW内的污染物去除。本文对了解锰在化学武器中的作用和影响的最新进展进行了全面回顾,基于2002年至2021年的文献检索。CW中的生态风险评估和重金属成为当前研究领域。CW内的Mn源主要包括自然沉积,重金属废水,故意添加。Mn(II)和Mn(IV)之间的循环促进了CW内增强的废水处理。此外,采用锰基质证明有效减少氨氮废水,有机污染物,以及重金属,如Cd和Pb,从而切实解决复杂的污染挑战。为了全面分析影响系统性能的因素,两个内部因素(生物物种,设计参数,pH值,等。)和外部因素(季节性气候变化,降水模式,紫外线辐射暴露,等。)进行了讨论。在这些因素中,微生物,污染物,和温度是最重要的影响因素,强调了这些因素对湿地运行的重要性。最后,本文探讨了植物对锰的吸收以及植物在面临锰中毒或缺乏情况时采用的应对策略。当利用锰调节人工湿地时,考虑相关植物的耐受水平是至关重要的。此外,该研究预测未来的研究热点包括高效催化技术,矩阵填充法,涉及锰纳米材料的资源化利用方法的制备。
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a pollutant treatment design inspired by natural wetlands and are widely utilized for the removal of common pollutants. The research focus lies in the circulation of manganese (
Mn) in the environment to enhance pollutant removal within CWs. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advancements in understanding the role and effects of
Mn in chemical weapons, based on literature retrieval from 2002 to 2021. Ecological risk assessment and heavy metals within CWs emerge as current areas of research interest. Mn sources within CWs primarily include natural deposition, heavy metal wastewater, and intentional addition. The cycling between
Mn(II) and
Mn(IV) facilitates enhanced wastewater treatment within CWs. Moreover, employing a Mn matrix proves effective in reducing ammonia nitrogen wastewater, organic pollutants, as well as heavy metals such as Cd and Pb, thereby addressing complex pollution challenges practically. To comprehensively analyze influencing factors on the system\'s performance, both internal factors (biological species, design parameters, pH levels, etc.) and external factors (seasonal climate variations, precipitation patterns, ultraviolet radiation exposure, etc.) were discussed. Among these factors, microorganisms, pollutants, and temperature are the most important influencing factors, which emphasizes the importance of these factors for wetland operation. Lastly, this paper delves into plant absorption of
Mn along with coping strategies employed by plants when faced with
Mn poisoning or deficiency scenarios. When utilizing Mn for the regulation of constructed wetlands, it is crucial to consider the tolerance levels of associated plant species. Furthermore, the study predicts future research hotspots encompass high-efficiency catalysis techniques, matrix-filling approaches, and preparation of resource utilization methods involving Mn nanomaterials.