背景:数字化转型为改善不同医疗保健提供者之间的信息交流提供了新的机会,包括住院病人,门诊和护理设施。由于患者出院时信息特别容易丢失,数字化转型为改善部门间排放管理提供了巨大的机会。然而,大多数改进策略都集中在医院内部的结构上。
目的:本研究旨在评估数字化出院管理系统的实施情况,项目“优化部门排放管理”(SEKMA,源自德国塞克托尔·阿尔贝格里芬德公司的公司管理公司),及其对再入院率的影响。
方法:采用混合方法设计来评估数字化排放管理系统的实施及其对再入院率的影响。实施后,使用保真度分析评估了计划干预(逻辑模型)和实际干预之间的一致性.最后,双变量和多变量分析用于评估实施再入院率的有效性.为此,根据2019年4月至2019年8月以及2022年4月至2022年8月期间的入院常规数据,采用差异-差异法.血管外科作为干预组,其中优化的排放管理于2022年4月实施。内科和心内科组成对照组。
结果:总体而言,进行了26次采访,我们探索了21个决定因素,它可以分为3组:“优化潜力,\"\"障碍,\"和\"启用程序。“根据这些结果,制定了19项战略来解决决定因素,包括医疗保健提供者之间缺乏网络,数字信息传输,和用户不友好。在这些策略的基础上,被11名医院医生优先考虑,建立了一个逻辑模型。在19种策略中,7(37%;例如,电子放电信,为医院的社会服务提供移动设备,并以国家用药计划的格式生成个人用药计划)已在SEKMA实施。对已实施策略应用的保真度的调查表明,其中3种策略尚未得到广泛应用。在14,854例住院患者的常规数据中,未观察到SEKMA对再入院的显着影响(P=.20)。
结论:本研究证明了优化患者护理部门间合作的潜力。尽管尚未观察到SEKMA对再入院的显着影响,创建一个连接不同医疗保健提供者的数字生态系统似乎是确保部门安全和快速联网的有前途的方法。所描述的出院管理的部门间优化提供了结构化模板,用于在德国和其他具有类似分散的医疗保健系统的国家的其他护理区域中实施类似的本地数字护理网络基础设施。
BACKGROUND: Digital transformation offers new opportunities to improve the exchange of information between different health care providers, including inpatient, outpatient and care facilities. As information is especially at risk of being lost when a patient is discharged from a hospital, digital transformation offers great opportunities to improve intersectoral discharge management. However, most strategies for improvement have focused on structures within the hospital.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a digitalized discharge management system, the project \"Optimizing instersectoral discharge management\" (SEKMA, derived from the German Sektorübergreifende Optimierung des Entlassmanagements), and its impact on the readmission rate.
METHODS: A mixed methods design was used to evaluate the implementation of a digitalized discharge management system and its impact on the readmission rate. After the implementation, the congruence between the planned (logic model) and the actual intervention was evaluated using a fidelity analysis. Finally, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation on the readmission rate. For this purpose, a difference-in-difference approach was adopted based on routine data of hospital admissions between April 2019 and August 2019 and between April 2022 and August 2022. The department of vascular surgery served as the intervention group, in which the optimized discharge management was implemented in April 2022. The departments of internal medicine and cardiology formed the control group.
RESULTS: Overall, 26 interviews were conducted, and we explored 21 determinants, which can be categorized into 3 groups: \"optimization potential,\" \"barriers,\" and \"enablers.\" On the basis of these results, 19 strategies were developed to address the determinants, including a lack of networking among health care providers, digital information transmission, and user-unfriendliness. On the basis of these strategies, which were prioritized by 11 hospital physicians, a logic model was formulated. Of the 19 strategies, 7 (37%; eg, electronic discharge letter, providing mobile devices to the hospital\'s social service, and generating individual medication plans in the format of the national medication plan) have been implemented in SEKMA. A survey on the fidelity of the application of the implemented strategies showed that 3 of these strategies were not yet widely applied. No significant effect of SEKMA on readmissions was observed in the routine data of 14,854 hospital admissions (P=.20).
CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the potential of optimizing intersectoral collaboration for patient care. Although a significant effect of SEKMA on readmissions has not yet been observed, creating a digital ecosystem that connects different health care providers seems to be a promising approach to ensure secure and fast networking of the sectors. The described intersectoral optimization of discharge management provides a structured template for the implementation of a similar local digital care networking infrastructure in other care regions in Germany and other countries with a similarly fragmented health care system.