目的:Sous-vide烹饪为禽肉提供了几个优势,包括增强的压痛,减少烹饪损失,和提高产品产量。然而,在鸭肉中,使用sous-vide方法存在一些挑战。在低温下延长的蒸煮时间可导致不稳定的微生物和氧化稳定性。因此,我们旨在评估不同的烹饪温度和持续时间如何影响鸭胸肉的物理化学和微生物特征,以确定最佳烹饪条件为目标。
方法:鸭胸肉(Anasplatyrhynchos),年龄为42天,平均重量为1,400±50g,在各种条件(50°C至80°C)下烹饪60或180分钟。然后,物理化学,微生物,并评估了煮熟的鸭胸肉的微观结构特性。
结果:不同的烹饪条件会影响肉的质量属性。烹饪损失,亮度,黄色,色调角,白度,鸭胸肉的硫代巴比妥酸反应物质(TBARS)值随烹饪温度和时间的增加而增加。相比之下,随着烹饪温度和时间的增加,红色和色度值降低。烹饪高于60°C的样品会增加挥发性碱性氮含量和TBARS。微生物分析显示,仅在50°C煮熟的样品和生肉中存在大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌。在较低的温度和较短的时间下烹饪增加了肉的嫩度。显微结构分析表明,随着烹饪温度和时间的增加,肌原纤维的收缩和肉的密度增加。
结论:我们的数据表明,鸭胸肉的最佳sous-vide方法是在60°C下烹饪60分钟。此温度和时间条件显示出良好的质构特性和微生物稳定性,鸭胸肉的TBARS含量低。
OBJECTIVE: Sous-vide cooking offers several advantages for poultry meat, including enhanced tenderness, reduced cooking loss, and improved product yield. However, in duck meat, there are challenges associated with using the sous-vide method. The prolonged cooking time at low temperatures can lead to unstable microbial and oxidative stabilities. Thus, we aimed to assess how varying sous-vide cooking temperatures and durations affect the physicochemical and microbial characteristics of duck breast meat, with the goal of identifying an optimal cooking condition.
METHODS: Duck breast meat (Anas platyrhynchos) aged 42 days and with an average weight of 1,400±50 g, underwent cooking under various conditions (ranging from 50°C to 80°C) for either 60 or 180 min. Then, physicochemical, microbial, and microstructural properties of the cooked duck breast meat were assessed.
RESULTS: Different cooking conditions affected the quality attributes of the meat. The cooking loss, lightness, yellowness, Hue angle, whiteness, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) values of the duck breast meat increased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. In contrast, the redness and chroma values decreased with the increase in cooking temperature and time. Cooking of samples higher than 60°C increased the volatile basic nitrogen contents and TBARS. Microbial analysis revealed the presence of Escherichia coli and Coliform only in the samples cooked at 50°C and raw meat. Cooking at lower temperature and shorter time increased the tenderness of the meat. Microstructure analysis showed that the contraction of myofibrils and meat density increased upon increasing the cooking temperature and time.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the optimal sous-vide method for duck breast meat was cooking at 60°C for 60 min. This temperature and time conditions showed good texture properties and microbial stability, and low level of TBARS of the duck breast meat.