背景:最佳种植日期和适当的肥料模块是菊花种植的重要方面,为了提高质量产量,改善土壤健康。在2022年和2023年的多个生长季节进行了实地研究,其中六个不同的种植日期,viz.,P1:6月15日,P2:6月30日,P3:7月15日,P4:7月30日,P5:8月15日和P6:8月30日和两个肥料模块,FM1:Jeevamrit@30mlplant-1和FM2:NPK@30gm-2使用随机区组设计(阶乘)进行了系统检查,复制三次。
结果:P6种植导致早期芽形成(44.03天)和收获阶段(90.78天)。最大植物高度(79.44厘米),植物传播(34.04厘米),切茎长度(68.40厘米),花直径(7.83厘米),茎强度(19.38º),花瓶寿命(14.90天),开花持续时间(24.08天),有效土壤N(314kgha-1),可用P(37kgha-1),可用K(347千克ha-1),细菌计数(124.87×107cfug-1土壤),放线菌计数(60.72×102cfug-1土壤),真菌计数(30.95×102cfug-1土壤),微生物生物量(48.79µgg-1土壤),在P1种植中记录了脱氢酶(3.64mgTPFh-1g-1土壤)和磷酸酶(23.79molPNPh-1g-1土壤)。在施肥模块中,使用NPK@30gm-2记录了芽形成的最少天数(74.94天)和达到收获阶段的天数(120.95天)。然而,最大植物高度(60.62厘米),植物传播(23.10厘米),切茎数m-2(43.88),切茎长度(51.34厘米),花直径(6.92厘米),茎强度(21.24º),开花持续时间(21.75天),土壤有效氮(317kgha-1),使用NPK@300kgha-1还记录了可用P(37kgha-1)和可用K(349kgha-1)。最大花瓶寿命(13.87天),OC(1.13%),细菌计数(131.65×107cfug-1土壤),放线菌计数(60.89×102cfug-1土壤),真菌计数(31.11×102cfug-1土壤),微生物生物量(51.27µgg-1土壤),应用Jeevamrit@30mlplant-1观察到脱氢酶(3.77mgTPFh-1g-1土壤)和磷酸酶(21.72molPNPh-1g-1土壤)。
结论:早期种植(P1)和无机施肥(NPK@30gm-2)导致产量和土壤宏量养分含量提高。应用jeevamrit提高了土壤微生物种群和酶活性。这种方法突出了菊花栽培中提高产量和土壤健康的潜力,促进更环保和经济上可行的农业模式。
BACKGROUND: Optimum planting date and appropriate fertilizer module are essential facets of chrysanthemum cultivation, to enhance quality yield, and improve soil health. A field-based study was undertaken over multiple growing seasons in 2022 and 2023, where six different planting dates, viz., P1:June 15, P2:June 30, P3:July 15, P4:July 30, P5:August 15 and P6:August 30 and two fertilizer modules, FM1:Jeevamrit @ 30 ml plant-1 and FM2:NPK @ 30 g m-2 were systematically examined using a Randomized Block Design (factorial), replicated thrice.
RESULTS: P6 planting resulted in early bud formation (44.03 days) and harvesting stage (90.78 days). Maximum plant height (79.44 cm), plant spread (34.04 cm), cut stem length (68.40 cm), flower diameter (7.83 cm), stem strength (19.38˚), vase life (14.90 days), flowering duration (24.08 days), available soil N (314 kg ha-1), available P (37 kg ha-1), available K (347 kg ha-1), bacterial count (124.87 × 107 cfu g-1 soil), actinomycetes count (60.72 × 102 cfu g-1 soil), fungal count (30.95 × 102 cfu g-1 soil), microbial biomass (48.79 µg g-1 soil), dehydrogenase enzyme (3.64 mg TPF h-1 g-1 soil) and phosphatase enzyme (23.79 mol PNP h-1 g-1 soil) was recorded in P1 planting. Among the fertilization module, minimum days to bud formation (74.94 days) and days to reach the harvesting stage (120.95 days) were recorded with the application of NPK @30 g m-2. However, maximum plant height (60.62 cm), plant spread (23.10 cm), number of cut stems m-2 (43.88), cut stem length (51.34 cm), flower diameter (6.92 cm), stem strength (21.24˚), flowering duration (21.75 days), available soil N (317 kg ha-1), available P (37 kg ha-1) and available K (349 kg ha-1) were also recorded with the application of NPK @300 kg ha-1. Maximum vase life (13.87 days), OC (1.13%), bacterial count (131.65 × 107 cfu g-1 soil), actinomycetes count (60.89 × 102 cfu g-1 soil), fungal count (31.11 × 102 cfu g-1 soil), microbial biomass (51.27 µg g-1 soil), dehydrogenase enzyme (3.77 mg TPF h-1 g-1 soil) and phosphatase enzyme (21.72 mol PNP h-1 g-1 soil) were observed with the application of Jeevamrit @ 30 ml plant-1.
CONCLUSIONS: Early planting (P1) and inorganic fertilization (NPK @ 30 g m-2) resulted in improved yield and soil macronutrient content. The soil microbial population and enzymatic activity were improved with the jeevamrit application. This approach highlights the potential for improved yield and soil health in chrysanthemum cultivation, promoting a more eco-friendly and economically viable agricultural model.