辅酶Q10(CoQ10)是必不可少的,在线粒体呼吸链的氧化还原反应中参与电子传递的脂溶性维生素。在结构上,醌环连接到类异戊二烯部分,具有高分子量。多年来,辅酶Q10已成为几种疾病的治疗相关,比如神经退行性疾病,冠状动脉疾病,糖尿病,高胆固醇血症,癌症,和其他人。根据研究,补充辅酶Q10可能有益于治疗辅酶Q10缺乏和与氧化应激相关的疾病。然而,辅酶Q10的水不溶性是成功补充的主要障碍。到目前为止,CoQ10生物利用度增强的许多进步已经开发了使用新型药物载体,如固体分散体,脂质体,胶束,纳米粒子,纳米乳液,自乳化药物系统,或各种创新方法(CoQ10与蛋白质复合)。本文旨在提供提高辅酶Q10溶解度和生物利用度的最新方法。
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential, lipid-soluble vitamin involved in electron transport in the oxidoreductive reactions of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Structurally, the quinone ring is connected to an isoprenoid moiety, which has a high molecular weight. Over the years, coenzyme Q10 has become relevant in the treatment of several diseases, like neurodegenerative disorders, coronary diseases, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, and others. According to studies, CoQ10 supplementation might be beneficial in the treatment of CoQ10 deficiencies and disorders associated with oxidative stress. However, the water-insoluble nature of CoQ10 is a major hindrance to successful supplementation. So far, many advancements in CoQ10 bioavailability enhancement have been developed using novel drug carriers such as solid dispersion, liposomes, micelles, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, self-emulsifying drug systems, or various innovative approaches (CoQ10 complexation with proteins). This article aims to provide an update on methods to improve CoQ10 solubility and bioavailability.