Metacarpal Bones

掌骨
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    许多骨头会弯曲,将一侧置于净压缩状态,另一侧置于净张力状态。因为与压缩相比,骨的机械性能在拉伸方面相对降低,需要进行适应性调整以降低骨折风险。骨中存在几种增韧机制,然而,在普遍/主要的张力和压缩负荷区域,继发性骨胶原/层状“形态型”的影响以及与分子间胶原交联(CCL)的潜在相互作用鲜为人知。准备来自10匹成年马的配对第三掌骨(MC3s)进行机械测试。从一个MC3/对,在几个中轴位置处测试5mm立方体的压缩。从对侧骨骼,哑铃形试样进行拉伸试验。因此,在两种模式下测试了习惯性/自然张力和压缩负荷区域。数据包括:弹性模量,屈服和极限强度,和能量吸收(韧性)。检查受试标本的片段的主要胶原纤维取向(CFO;代表骨骼和非骨骼骨骼),骨形态评分(MTS,代表骨CFO),矿化,孔隙度和其他组织学特征。由于拉伸试样的材料不足,仅在压缩试验样品中检查CCL(HP,羟基吡啶啉;LP,甲基吡啶;PE,戊糖苷)。在CCL中,只有LP和HP/LP与机械参数显着相关:LP与能量吸收,HP/LP具有弹性模量(均r=0.4)。HP/LP呈能量吸收趋势(r=-0.3,P=0.08)。与CFO或MTS相比,HP/LP与骨骼密度和矿化的相关性更强。在两种测试模式下,与MTS相比,主要CFO与能量吸收的相关性更强。总的来说,发现CFO在影响这些马MC3的压缩和拉伸区域韧性方面相对突出。
    Many bones experience bending, placing one side in net compression and the other in net tension. Because bone mechanical properties are relatively reduced in tension compared with compression, adaptations are needed to reduce fracture risk. Several toughening mechanisms exist in bone, yet little is known of the influences of secondary osteon collagen/lamellar \'morphotypes\' and potential interplay with intermolecular collagen cross-links (CCLs) in prevalent/predominant tension- and compression-loaded regions. Paired third metacarpals (MC3s) from 10 adult horses were prepared for mechanical testing. From one MC3/pair, 5 mm cubes were tested in compression at several mid-shaft locations. From contralateral bones, dumbbell-shaped specimens were tested in tension. Hence, habitual/natural tension- and compression-loaded regions were tested in both modes. Data included: elastic modulus, yield and ultimate strength, and energy absorption (toughness). Fragments of tested specimens were examined for predominant collagen fiber orientation (CFO; representing osteonal and non-osteonal bone), osteon morphotype score (MTS, representing osteonal CFO), mineralization, porosity and other histological characteristics. As a consequence of insufficient material from tension-tested specimens, CCLs were only examined in compression-tested specimens (HP, hydroxylysylpyridinoline; LP, lysylpyridinoline; PE, pentosidine). Among CCLs, only LP and HP/LP correlated significantly with mechanical parameters: LP with energy absorption, HP/LP with elastic modulus (both r=0.4). HP/LP showed a trend with energy absorption (r=-0.3, P=0.08). HP/LP more strongly correlated with osteon density and mineralization than CFO or MTS. Predominant CFO more strongly correlated with energy absorption than MTS in both testing modes. In general, CFO was found to be relatively prominent in affecting regional toughness in these equine MC3s in compression and tension.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    一名15岁男性右手多处骨折,包括严重成角度的小指掌骨颈骨折。多次关闭尝试失败,并进行了切开复位。在手术中,发现伸肌腱插入骨折内,从而防止封闭还原。肌腱从骨折部位脱离,获得了足够的减少,使用K线稳定骨折。骨折联合良好,具有良好的运动和力量。伸肌肌腱插入术是一种与掌骨颈骨折相关的罕见情况,当骨折端之间完全失去接触且多次闭合复位失败时,应怀疑。
    A 15-year-old male presented with multiple right-hand fractures, including a severely angulated small finger metacarpal neck fracture. Multiple closed attempts failed, and open reduction was performed. At surgery, the extensor tendon was found to be interposed within the fracture, thereby preventing closed reduction. The tendon was extricated from the fracture site, adequate reduction was obtained, and the fracture was stabilized using K-wires. The fracture united well, with good return of motion and strength. Extensor tendon interposition is a rare scenario associated with metacarpal neck fractures and should be suspected when there is complete loss of contact between the fracture ends and multiple attempts at closed reduction have failed.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    苏格兰折叠猫(Feliscatus,Linnaeus1758)是世界上最著名和最受欢迎的猫品种之一,其特点是他们折叠的耳朵连接到头部。经常,猫会成为不同创伤和事故的牺牲品,这些创伤和事故会导致骨折,尤其是在后足骨。辐射测量方法在兽医实践中用于可视化和测量动物骨骼的不同部分。这项研究的目的是评估从苏格兰折叠猫的掌骨和meta骨的影像学图像得出的线性参数,并进一步检测潜在的性二态性。分析了24只不同年龄和体重的成年苏格兰折叠猫(12只雄性和12只雌性)的射线照相图像。评估了后足骨的六个线性测量值,以研究两性之间的任何差异。男性中骨的五个掌骨(MC1-5)和四个meta骨(MT2-5)的线性辐射测量值大于雌性猫。MC1和MC2的最大长度(Ml)在性别之间有统计学差异,分别,(p=0.001)和(p=0.05)。其他掌骨大部分在所有线性参数上都不同,但无统计学意义。在MC1-3(p=0.001)和MC4(p=0.05)的近端宽度(Wp)参数中,性别之间的差异最大。更多的统计学差异是MT2和更少的MT3。MT4的Bd的线性参数在性别之间的统计学差异最大(p=0.001)。这项研究的结果将有助于比较解剖学的功能,在兽医临床实践中,在动物园考古学和兽医法医调查中。
    Scottish Fold cats (Felis catus, Linnaeus 1758) are one of the most well-known and popular cat breeds in the world, characterized by their folded ears attached to the head. Very frequently, cats fall prey of different trauma and accidents that can cause bone fractures especially in the metapodial bones. The method of radiometry is used in veterinary practice to visualize and measure different parts of the animal skeleton. The aim of this study was to assess the linear parameters derived from radiographic images of the metacarpals and metatarsals in Scottish Fold cats and additionally detecting potential sexual dimorphism. Radiographic images of 24 adult Scottish Fold cats (12 male and 12 females) of different ages and weights were analysed. Six linear measurements of the metapodial bones were evaluated to investigate any differences between the sexes. The linear radiometric measurements of the five metacarpals (MC1-5) and the four metatarsals (MT2-5) bones were larger in male metapodial bones than that of female cats. The maximum length (Ml) of the MC1 and MC2 was statistically different between sex, respectively, (p = 0.001) and (p = 0.05). The others metacarpal bones were different in mostly all linear parameters but not statistically significant. The most significant differences between sexes were observed in the parameter of width proximal end (Wp) of MC1-3 (p = 0.001) and MC4 (p = 0.05). More statistical different was MT2 and less MT3. The linear parameter of Bd of the MT4 was the most different statistically between sex (p = 0.001). The results of the study will be useful in function of comparative anatomy, in veterinary clinical practice, in zoo archaeology and in the veterinary forensic investigation.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:掌骨骨折占所有手部骨折的25%-50%,可能会对手部功能和工作能力产生负面影响。非关节掌骨骨折的经皮横向固定允许在手术后立即动员。
    方法:在2017年3月至2022年2月之间,前瞻性招募了56例接受经皮横向钉扎治疗不稳定掌骨骨折的患者。我们根据患者评估的手腕/手评估(PRWHE)以及术前和术后的影像学评估调查了手术结果。使用学生t检验比较手术后PRWHEE值的平均值。统计学显著性设定为p<0.05。
    结果:平均年龄为40.21±17.9岁(范围为16至86岁)。平均手术时间为27.96min。平均随访时间为14.3±6.4个月(2~41个月)。平均PRWHEE评分为6.5±1.8。没有患者有临床上可观察到的旋转畸形,功能结果令人满意。
    结论:经皮横穿针治疗非关节掌骨骨折可恢复良好的功能,成像结果令人满意。需要进一步的高质量临床试验来更大规模地验证这些结果。
    方法:II,前瞻性队列研究。
    BACKGROUND: Metacarpal fractures account for 25%-50% of all hand fractures and may negatively impact hand function and ability to work. Percutaneous transverse pinning of non-articular metacarpal fractures allows mobilisation immediately after the procedure.
    METHODS: Between March 2017 and February 2022, 56 patients undergoing percutaneous transverse pinning for unstable metacarpal fractures were prospectively recruited. We investigated surgical outcomes in terms of Patient-rated Wrist/Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) and pre-and post-operative radiographic evaluation. The Student t-test was used to compare the means of PRWHE values after surgery. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
    RESULTS: The mean age was 40.21 ± 17.9 years (range of 16 to 86 years). The average operating time was 27.96 min. The mean follow-up period was 14.3 ± 6.4 months (from 2 to 41 months). The mean PRWHE score was 6.5 ± 1.8. None of the patients had clinically observable rotational deformities, and the functional outcomes were satisfactory.
    CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous transverse pinning for non-articular metacarpal fractures restores excellent function, and imaging results are satisfactory. Further high-quality clinical trials are required to validate these results on a larger scale.
    METHODS: II, prospective cohort study.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    目的:本研究的目的是评估患者在WALANT下进行斜骨掌关节(TMJ)骨性关节炎(OA)治疗的经验。
    方法:该研究包括23例接受WALANT梯形切除术的TMJOA患者。所有患者均在术前以及术后3、12和24个月由手部治疗师就诊。每次访问,VAS疼痛评分,拇指的运动范围,握力,和手臂的残疾,评估肩和手(DASH)评分。在手术后2周内进行Picker患者体验(PPE-15)问卷调查。
    结果:所有23名患者完成了PPE-15问卷。他们的平均年龄是64岁。21名仍在24个月随访的患者都表示,他们将再次选择相同的麻醉方法。在这次后续行动中,VAS疼痛评分,拇指的运动范围,键夹握力和DASH评分有显著提高,而拇指反对和手的握力基本保持不变。大多数患者在手术前和手术中都有充分的信息,所有患者都认为疼痛缓解良好或令人满意。近40%的患者报告收到的关于术后药物的信息不足。
    结论:患者对WALANT进行梯形切除术持积极态度,似乎更喜欢WALANT而不是其他麻醉方法。使用WALANT治疗TMJOA的梯形切除术是一种安全的手术,并且在全身麻醉下似乎具有与梯形切除术相似的功能结果。
    结论:使用WALANT进行TMJOA的梯形切除术是安全的,患者首选,并且在全身麻醉中具有与梯形切除术相似的临床结果。
    背景:梯形切除术,骨关节炎,保镖.
    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the patient experience of trapeziectomy under WALANT for trapeziometacarpal joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) in a prospective study with 2-year follow-up.
    METHODS: The study included 23 patients with TMJ OA undergoing trapeziectomy with WALANT. All patients were seen by a hand therapist preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. At each visit, VAS pain scores, thumb range of motion, grip strength, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were assessed. The Picker Patient Experience (PPE-15) questionnaire was administered within 2 weeks of surgery.
    RESULTS: All 23 patients completed the PPE-15 questionnaire. Their mean age was 64 years. The 21 patients who remained at the 24-month follow-up all said they would choose the same anaesthesia method again. At this follow-up, VAS pain scores, thumb range of motion, key pinch grip and DASH scores had improved significantly, while thumb opposition and hand grip strength remained largely unchanged. The majority of patients felt well informed before and during the procedure, and all patients rated pain relief as good or satisfactory. Nearly 40% of patients reported receiving inadequate information about the postoperative medications.
    CONCLUSIONS: Patients have a positive attitude to trapeziectomy with WALANT, and seem to prefer WALANT over other methods of anaesthesia. Trapeziectomy with WALANT for TMJ OA is a safe procedure and appears to give a functional outcome similar to trapeziectomy under general anaesthesia.
    CONCLUSIONS: Trapeziectomy with WALANT for TMJ OA is safe, preferred by patients and has similar clinical outcome as trapeziectomy in general anesthesia.
    BACKGROUND: trapeziectomy, osteoarthritis, WALANT.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    目的:描述一种罕见的先天性指骨畸形,以及多指结合的狗的手术细节和结果。
    方法:单例报告。
    方法:一只3.5个月大的雄性完整混种犬,前肢跛行和爪子畸形。
    方法:对患有先天性肢体畸形的狗进行手术,包括切除外骨和软组织结构,以防止剩余掌骨进一步半脱位。稳定包括压缩皮质螺钉和穿过近端掌骨的K线。
    结果:术后X线片显示植入物定位充分,掌骨近端行复位良好。六周后,这只狗在肢体功能和负重方面表现出改善。主要并发症发生在12周,并且需要进行移除植入物的翻修手术。六个月的时候,这只狗的活动范围接近正常,没有跛行。
    结论:对患有肢体畸形的狗进行手术的决定导致了几乎生理的步态,狗在日常生活中没有表现出异常。该报告通过描述犬科动物中的外指和多指的结合,增加了有关先天性肢体畸形的文献。包括手术方法和结果。然而,目前尚不清楚这种异质条件的最佳管理。
    OBJECTIVE: To describe a rare congenital deformity of the phalanges and the surgical details and outcome in a dog with ectrodactyly combined with polydactyly.
    METHODS: Single case report.
    METHODS: A 3.5-month-old male intact mixed breed dog with forelimb lameness and paw malformations.
    METHODS: Surgery was performed on a dog with a congenital limb deformity consisting of resection of the extra bone and soft tissue structure to prevent further subluxation of the remaining metacarpals. Stabilisation consisted of a cortical screw in compression and a K wire across the proximal metacarpals.
    RESULTS: Postoperative radiographs showed adequate implant positioning and good reduction of the proximal metacarpal row. At six weeks, the dog showed improvement in limb function and weight bearing. Major complications occurred at twelve weeks, and revision surgery with implant removal was required. At six months, the dog showed near normal range of motion and no lameness.
    CONCLUSIONS: The decision to perform surgery on a dog with limb deformity resulted in an almost physiological gait, and the dog showed no abnormalities in daily life. This report adds to the literature on congenital limb deformities by describing the combination of ectrodactyly and polydactylism in a canine species, including the surgical approach and outcome. However, the optimal management of this heterogeneous condition is currently unclear.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:第五掌骨颈骨折(FMCNFs)在儿科患者中很常见。并发症包括减少掌指骨(MCP)的活动范围和握力,这阻碍了手的功能能力。提供各种管理选项,但是适应症没有标准化。本系统评价旨在吸收所有有关儿科FMCNFs管理的现有证据,以确定适当的治疗途径。
    方法:PubMed(Medline),EMBASE,Scopus和GoogleScholar被用来确定与这些骨折的管理有关的证据。
    结果:确定了10项研究,涉及237名患者,平均年龄14.4岁(范围9-17)。90%的患者是男性。61名(26%)患者,平均断裂角度为27°(范围16°-33°),无旋转畸形,都是通过单独固定来管理的。这些患者恢复正常的掌指关节活动范围和握力。54名(23%)患者,平均断裂角度为42.7°(范围33°-54°),进行骨折复位和固定治疗。干预后,该技术无法持续减少骨折,并伴有明显的成角或旋转。一百二十二位(51%)病人,平均骨折角度为48.3°(范围30°-58°),包括旋转不良病例,进行骨折复位和手术固定。这些患者经历了良好的功能结果。
    结论:本综述表明,当没有旋转畸形和角度<30°时,儿童FMCNFs可以单独固定治疗。在较高的骨折角度或旋转畸形的情况下,骨折复位和手术固定是一种合适的治疗方法。
    BACKGROUND: Fifth metacarpal neck fractures (FMCNFs) are common among paediatric patients. Complications include reduced metacarpophalangeal (MCP) range of motion and grip strength, which impede the hand\'s functional abilities. Various management options are available, but indications are not standardised. This systematic review aims to assimilate all available evidence on the management of paediatric FMCNFs to determine appropriate treatment pathways.
    METHODS: PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, Scopus and Google Scholar were used to identify evidence pertaining to the management of these fractures.
    RESULTS: Ten studies were identified, involving 237 patients with a mean age of 14.4 years (Range 9-17). Ninety percent of patients were male. Sixty-one (26%) patients, with an average fracture angulation of 27° (Range 16°-33°) and no rotational deformities, were managed with immobilisation alone. These patients returned to normal metacarpophalangeal range of motion and grip strength. Fifty-four (23%) patients, with an average fracture angulation of 42.7° (Range 33°-54°), were managed with fracture reduction and immobilisation. This technique did not yield sustained reduction of fractures with significant angulation or rotation after intervention. One hundred twenty-two (51%) patients, with an average fracture angulation of 48.3° (Range 30°-58°) and including cases of malrotation, were managed with fracture reduction and surgical fixation. These patients experienced good functional outcomes.
    CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests paediatric FMCNFs can be safely managed with immobilisation alone when there is an absence of rotational deformity and an angulation of < 30°. In the case of a higher fracture angulation or rotational deformity, fracture reduction and surgical fixation is an appropriate method of management.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    对第二次世界大战时期的26个岩骨和掌骨骨的骨p的比较分析显示,DNA产量或STR分型的成功率没有显着差异。岩骨之间DNA保存的意外均等,骨骼遗骸中内源性DNA的著名来源,和掌骨的骨phy,它们是多孔的,容易受到植物学变化的影响,令人惊讶。在这项研究中,我们引入ATR-FTIR光谱作为一种方法来揭示骨分子结构和DNA保存之间的相关性。对具有相同织物学历史的掌骨和岩骨进行采样并准备进行DNA分析。虽然一部分样本用于DNA分析,另一例接受了ATR-FTIR光谱检查.比较了掌骨骨和岩骨骨的归一化光谱和FTIR指数。因为使用的遗骸的纺织历史相对较短和稳定,ATR-FTIR光谱揭示了两种骨骼类型之间的细微结构差异。岩骨表现出更高的矿化,而附生含有更多的有机物。在掌骨骨phy中意外保存DNA可能归因于小梁内软组织残留物的存在。在这里观察到的骨骼分子结构的差异表明,有不同的机制可以在骨骼组织中保存DNA。
    A comparative analysis of 26 petrous bones and epiphyses of metacarpals from the Second World War era revealed no significant differences in DNA yield or success in STR typing. This unexpected parity in DNA preservation between the petrous bone, a renowned source of endogenous DNA in skeletal remains, and the epiphyses of metacarpals, which are porous and susceptible to taphonomic changes, is surprising. In this study, we introduced ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as an approach to unravel the correlation between bone molecular structure and DNA preservation. Metacarpals and petrous bones with same taphonomic history were sampled and prepared for DNA analyses. While one portion of the sample was used for DNA analysis, the other underwent ATR-FTIR spectroscopic examination. The normalized spectra and FTIR indices between the epiphyses of metacarpals and petrous bones were compared. Because the taphonomic history of the remains used is relatively short and stable, the ATR-FTIR spectroscopy unveiled subtle structural differences between the two bone types. Petrous bones exhibited higher mineralization, whereas epiphyses contained more organic matter. The unexpected preservation of DNA in the epiphyses of metacarpals can likely be attributed to the presence of soft tissue remnants within the trabeculae. Here observed differences in the molecular structure of bones indicate there are different mechanisms enabling DNA preservation in skeletal tissues.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    本研究旨在评估锰配合物与赖氨酸和谷氨酸(Mn-LG)作为锰(Mn)来源对生长性能的影响,微量元素沉积,抗氧化能力,断奶仔猪的掌骨强度。该研究涉及288只健康的Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire仔猪,这些仔猪在25-28日龄断奶,体重为8.66±0.96kg。这些仔猪被随机分为六组:对照组(Mn-LG-0,接受不补充Mn的基础饮食),硫酸锰组(基础日粮补充40mg·kg-1的锰,Mn-S-40基团),和四个Mn-LG组(Mn-LG-20,Mn-LG-40,Mn-LG-60,Mn-LG-80,从Mn中补充20、40、60和80mg·kg-1Mn-LG在基础饮食中)。分组在实验的第0天断奶时开始。在实验的早期(d0-14)和后期(d15-42),以玉米-大豆为基础的基础日粮含有20.88和30.12mg·kg-1Mn,分别。在第14天和第42天收集血液样品,并在第42天处死猪用于样品收集。结果表明,平均日增重没有显着差异,平均日采食量,各组之间的饲料增重比(P>0.05)。所有Mn-LG组和Mn-S-40组的腹泻率在0-14d和整个实验期间均显着低于Mn-LG-0组(P<0.001)。在第42天,Mn-LG-40组肝脏Mn浓度和血清Mn超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)活性显着增加(P<0.01)。粪便锰浓度显著降低(P<0.05),与Mn-S-40组相比。在血清中检测到显著差异(P<0.05),肝脏,和粪便锰浓度,以及在血清和肝脏中的Mn-SOD活性,不同的Mn-LG组。随着Mn-LG添加量的增加,血清和粪便Mn浓度和血清Mn-SOD活性呈线性或平方增加(P<0.01)。在肾脏中没有发现显着差异(P>0.05)。心,或掌骨Mn浓度或骨强度指数。总之,与Mn-LG-0饮食相比,饲粮添加Mn-LG可提高血清Mn沉积和Mn-SOD活性,降低腹泻的发生率。此外,在相同剂量下,Mn-LG组的粪便Mn浓度低于无机组。
    The present study sought to assess the effects of manganese complexes with lysine and glutamic acid (Mn-LG) as manganese (Mn) sources on growth performance, trace element deposition, antioxidant capacity, and metacarpal strength in weaned piglets. The study involved 288 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets that were weaned at 25 to 28 d of age and weighed 8.66 ± 0.96 kg. These piglets were randomly divided into six groups: a control group (Mn-LG-0, receiving a basal diet without Mn supplementation), a Mn sulfate group (basal diet supplemented with 40 mg·kg-1 diet of Mn, Mn-S-40 group), and four Mn-LG groups (Mn-LG-20, Mn-LG-40, Mn-LG-60, Mn-LG-80, supplemented with 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg·kg-1 Mn from Mn-LG in the basal diet). Grouping began at weaning on the 0th day of the experiment. The corn-soybean-based basal diet during the early (days 0 to 14) and late (days 15 to 42) phases of the experiment contained 20.88 and 30.12 mg·kg-1 Mn, respectively. Blood samples were collected on days 14 and 42, and pigs were sacrificed for sample collection on day 42. The results indicated no significant differences in average daily gain, average daily feed intake, or feed-to-gain ratio among the groups (P > 0.05). The diarrhea rates of all Mn-LG groups and the Mn-S-40 group were significantly lower in the 0 to 14 d and during the entire experimental period than in the Mn-LG-0 group (P < 0.001). The Mn-LG-40 group exhibited a significant increase in liver Mn concentration and serum Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity on day 42 (P < 0.01), as well as a significant decrease in fecal Mn concentration (P < 0.05), compared to those of the Mn-S-40 group. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected in the serum, liver, and fecal Mn concentrations, as well as in the serum and liver Mn-SOD activity, across the different Mn-LG groups. The serum and fecal Mn concentrations and serum Mn-SOD activity increased linearly or quadratically (P < 0.01) with increasing Mn-LG supplementation. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in kidney, heart, or metacarpal bone Mn concentrations or in bone strength indices. In summary, compared with the Mn-LG-0 diet, dietary supplementation with Mn-LG enhanced serum Mn deposition and Mn-SOD activity and decreased the incidence of diarrhea. Additionally, the fecal Mn concentration was lower in the Mn-LG group than in the inorganic group at equivalent dosages.
    This research explored the effects of a manganese complex containing lysine and glutamic acid (Mn-LG) on various health parameters in weaned piglets. Utilizing samples of 288 piglets, the study investigated how Mn-LG supplementation influences growth performance, Mn deposition and emission, antioxidant capacity, and metacarpal strength. Key findings include an increase in serum Mn levels and Mn superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity, a reduction in diarrhea incidence, and no significant effects in bone strength indices in piglets receiving Mn-LG. Additionally, the fecal Mn concentration was notably lower in the Mn-LG group than in the group receiving inorganic Mn at equivalent dosages.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    照顾优秀运动员的手和手腕受伤带来了明显的挑战,关于手术干预和重返赛场的个案决定。掌骨骨折,拇指尺侧副韧带撕裂,舟骨骨折是精英运动员常见的上肢损伤,可能不利于比赛时间和未来的参与。因此,治疗应在不损害长期结果的情况下承受加速康复和恢复活动的需求。幸运的是,文献支持了支持运动员特定目标的新兴管理方案.本文综述了掌骨骨折的手术和围手术期治疗的进展。拇指尺侧副韧带损伤,精英运动员的舟骨骨折。
    Caring for hand and wrist injuries in the elite athlete brings distinct challenges, with case-by-case decisions regarding surgical intervention and return-to-play. Metacarpal fractures, thumb ulnar collateral ligament tears, and scaphoid fractures are common upper-extremity injuries in the elite athlete that can be detrimental to playing time and future participation. Treatment should therefore endure the demand of accelerated rehabilitation and return-to-activity without compromising long-term outcomes. Fortunately, the literature has supported emerging management options that support goals specific to the athlete. This review examined the advances in surgical and perioperative treatment of metacarpal fractures, thumb ulnar collateral ligament injuries, and scaphoid fractures in the elite athlete.
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