精神疲劳会损害多个体育领域的表现。然而,由于以前的研究很少,因此缺乏对球拍运动表现影响的系统综述。这篇综述旨在全面回顾精神疲劳对球拍运动员表现的影响,讨论了潜在的机制。在五个数据库中进行了彻底的搜索,包括WebofScience,PubMed,Scopus,SPORTDiscus(通过EBSCOhost),和心理与行为科学合集(通过EBSCOhost)。PICOS框架建立了纳入标准:(1)健康的球拍运动运动员;(2)在野外和实验室环境中诱发精神疲劳;(3)将精神疲劳干预措施与对照组进行比较(例如,看电影或看杂志);(4)评估绩效结果,包括物理性能,熟练的性能,和知觉-认知表现;(5)随机对照试验(RCT),非随机对照试验(非随机对照试验),和非随机对照试验。精神疲劳操纵,主观评价,和(神经)生理标记的合成,以支持精神疲劳的成功诱导。表演被归类为网球,乒乓球,羽毛球,和padel基于特定球拍运动领域的特征。次要结果,例如努力率感知(RPE)和动机,基于耐力表现的心理生物学模型的突出理论,进行了综合以解释机制。六项研究表明,精神疲劳会影响乒乓球的中风表现,影响速度,准确度,故障,网球比赛中只有第二发球的准确性。乒乓球的精神运动表现的反应时间增加,padel,羽毛球。同时,精神疲劳增加了RPE,心率保持不变,血糖,和乳酸,与耐力表现的心理生物学模型一致。此外,注意力被认为是一个重要的潜在心理生物学因素。
Mental fatigue impairs performance across several sports domains. However, a systematic review on its effects on racket sports performance has been lacking due to the previous scarcity of studies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive review the effects of mental fatigue on racket players\' performance, with a discussion of the underlying mechanisms. A thorough search was conducted across five databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus (via EBSCOhost), and the Psychological and Behavioral Science Collection (via EBSCOhost). The PICOS framework established the inclusion criteria: (1) healthy racket sports players; (2) induction of mental fatigue in both field and laboratory settings; (3) comparison of mental fatigue interventions with a control group (e.g., watching a movie or reading a magazine); (4) assessment of performance outcomes, including physical performance, skilled performance, and perceptual-cognitive performance; and (5) randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized controlled trials (non-RCTs), and non-randomized non-controlled trials. Mental fatigue manipulation, subjective evaluation, and (neuro)physiological markers were synthesized to support the successful induction of mental fatigue. Performance was categorized into tennis, table tennis, badminton, and padel based on the characteristics of specific racket sports domains. Secondary outcomes, such as the rate perception of effort (RPE) and motivation, were synthesized to explain the mechanisms based on the prominent theory of the Psychobiological model of endurance performance. Six studies revealed that mental fatigue impacts stroke performance in table tennis, affecting speed, accuracy, faults, and only second-serve accuracy in tennis. The response time of psychomotor performance increased in table tennis, padel, and badminton. Meanwhile, mental fatigue increased the RPE and remained unchanged in heart rate, blood glucose, and lactate, consistent with the Psychobiological model of endurance performance. Additionally, attention is suggested as a significant underlying psychobiological factor.