背景:大量月经出血(HMB)和痛经(DM)是常见的妇科问题。
目标:为了系统地审查需求,生活质量(QOL),以及在患有DM或HMB的年轻女性(12-25岁)中自我管理策略的有效性。
方法:通过PubMed搜索相关术语,EBSCO,谷歌学者,ProQuest,和奥维德在2010年至2022年之间。
方法:在同行评审期刊上发表的定性和定量研究,12-25岁的女性,探索DM或HMB,报告支持性护理需求,生活质量,自我治疗策略,和/或寻求治疗的行为。
方法:两名研究人员对摘要进行了审查。纳入的研究由两名作者独立提取和质量评估,通过共识或第三位研究人员的参与解决了差异。提取的数据包括研究细节,月经史,症状,自我护理策略,和生活质量。JoannaBriggs研究所的清单用于质量评估。
结果:搜索返回了285190项研究,其中55人符合入选条件。HMB和DM的患病率在4%-63%和42%-94%之间,分别。超过80%的患有DM和HMB的年轻女性经历了身体和心理问题,包括骨盆疼痛,睡眠问题,情绪障碍,腹泻,和恶心。学习成绩和日常活动受到严重影响。大多数(>62%)将母亲列为主要信息来源,和朋友作为次要来源(10%-65%)。很少有研究探讨需求,但它们可以推断,属于学校相关和社会需求。患有DM的人的QOL比没有DM的人差。疼痛是促使年轻女性寻求治疗的最常见问题。超过70%的人使用药物来减轻疼痛。超过一半的人选择了家庭疗法(例如,热疗,按摩,凉茶,热饮)。没有研究提供有关药物和草药的疗效和剂量的信息。
结论:HMB和DM对日常生活有很大影响,大面积的需求未得到满足。对信息的有限访问会损害症状和随之而来的QOL的管理。
BACKGROUND: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and dysmenorrhea (DM) are common gynecological problems.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the needs, quality of life (QOL), and effectiveness of self-management strategies among young women (12-25 years) with DM or HMB.
METHODS: Relevant terms were searched through PubMed, EBSCO, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Ovid between 2010 and 2022.
METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative studies published in peer-reviewed journals, females aged 12-25, exploring DM or HMB, reporting supportive care needs, quality of life, self-treatment strategies, and/or treatment-seeking behavior.
METHODS: Abstracts were reviewed for eligibility by two researchers. Included studies were extracted and assessed for quality independently by two authors, with discrepancies resolved through consensus or the involvement of a third researcher. Data extracted included study details, menstrual history, symptoms, self-care strategies, and quality of life. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklists were used for quality assessment.
RESULTS: The search returned 285 190 studies, of which 55 were eligible for inclusion. Prevalence rates of HMB and DM were in the ranges 4%-63% and 42%-94%, respectively. Over 80% of young women with DM and HMB experienced physical and psychological problems, including pelvic pain, sleep issues, mood disturbance, diarrhea, and nausea. Academic performance and daily activities were severely affected. Most (>62%) named their mothers as their primary source of information, and friends as the secondary source (10%-65%). Few studies explored needs, but they could be inferred and fell under school-related and social needs. QOL was poorer in those who had DM than those who did not. Pain was the most common issue that drove young women to find treatment. More than 70% used medication to reduce pain. More than half chose home remedies (e.g., heat therapy, massages, herbal tea, hot drinks). No studies provided information about the efficacy and dosage of medication and herbal remedies.
CONCLUSIONS: HMB and DM have a large impact on daily living, with large areas of unmet need. Limited access to information impairs the management of symptoms and consequent QOL.