自1941年以来,智利记录了脑膜炎奈瑟菌的暴发,到目前为止,根据临床形式不同,发病率,杀伤力,和负责的血清群。
目的:总结智利因脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的急性细菌性脑膜炎流行病学的现有证据,分析1990年至2019年的发病率。
方法:按照Cochrane协作标准对主要文章进行了系统综述。信息来源是PubMed,Scielo,和LILACS。包括关于脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的急性细菌性脑膜炎的出版物,带有描述性的设计,英语和西班牙语。排除了有关疫苗和诊断技术有效性的研究。
结果:在1990年至2019年之间,收集的证据仅集中在2012年。在当年报告的133例侵袭性脑膜炎球菌病(IMD)中,42例表现为脑膜炎。在由血清群W135菌株引起的IMD病例中,21.7%的病例表现为脑膜炎(13例),与“非W135”菌株相比,其中67.4%(29例)。由于IMD导致的死亡率在受血清群W135影响的患者中更高(26.7%),与受血清群“非W135”影响的患者相比(13.9%)。
结论:2012年显示流行血清群从B到W的变化,脑膜炎病例减少,脑膜炎球菌血症和IMD致死率增加。
Since 1941, outbreaks of Neisseria meningitidis have been recorded in Chile which, to date, have varied according to clinical form, incidence, lethality, and the responsible serogroup.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the available evidence on the epidemiological profile of acute bacterial meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis in Chile, analyzing the incidence between 1990 and 2019.
METHODS: A systematized review of primary articles was carried out following the Cochrane Collaboration standards. The information sources were PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS. Publications on acute bacterial meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis were included, with a descriptive design, and in English and Spanish. Studies on the effectiveness of vaccines and diagnostic techniques were excluded.
RESULTS: Between 1990 and 2019, the evidence collected focuses exclusively on the year 2012. Of the 133 cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) reported that year, 42 cases presented with meningitis. Of the IMD cases caused by serogroup W135 strains, 21.7% of the cases presented with meningitis (13 cases), compared with the \"Non-W135\" strains, in which it was 67.4% (29 cases). Lethality due to IMD was higher in patients affected by serogroup W135 (26.7%), compared with patients affected by serogroup \"Non-W135\" (13.9%).
CONCLUSIONS: The year 2012 shows a change in the prevalent serogroup from serogroup B to W, with a decrease in cases of meningitis and an increase in cases of meningo- coccemia and the lethality of IMD.