背景:了解影响青少年对快餐的认知及其液体消耗的因素对于设计针对该人群的有效营养教育计划至关重要。这项研究旨在评估性别,媒体和互联网的使用与青少年对快餐食品的感知和液体消耗量的关联。
方法:对科威特15至18岁的学校青少年进行了横断面调查,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法(N=706名青少年;343名男孩和363名女孩)。经过预先测试和专门设计的自我报告问卷,涵盖了几种措施,例如:(a)被认为是快餐的食物类型;(b)参与者的液体消耗。使用校准的医疗秤测量体重和身高。计算体重指数(BMI)。青少年按性别分为两组:男孩和女孩,为了分析的目的。
结果:14种食物选择中有7种在青少年对他们是否认为这种食物选择是快餐的反应中显示出显著的性别差异(p值在0.016到<0.001之间)。尽管发现了两性之间的差异,大多数列出的快餐被青少年正确地认为是快餐。此外,从全脂牛奶中消耗的每日饮料量(毫升/周)在男性和女性之间存在显着差异(男性=l197.1±27,652.1,女性=1662.8±2221,p=0.013),含糖饮料(男性=2350.8±3324.3,女性=3088.9±3701.1,p=0.004),和能量饮料(男性=429.5±1117.2,女性=267.6±733.8,p=0.037)。与很少或不看电视或使用互联网的青少年相比,那些从事这些久坐活动的人不太可能对披萨进行分类(aOR(95%CI)=0.660(0.440-0.990),p=0.045),烤肉(aOR(95%CI)=0.674(0.477-0.954),p=0.026),煎蛋三明治(aOR(95%CI)=0.617(0.425-0.894-0.189),p=0.011),和水稻(AOR(95%CI)=0.598(0.409-0.875),p=0.008)作为快餐。
结论:已经观察到电视和互联网使用对青少年准确识别快餐的能力的影响。研究结果表明,需要增加针对青少年的快餐营养教育计划。该研究建议进一步研究,以提高科威特国青少年消费者对食品和饮料的认识。
Understanding the factors that influence adolescent\'s perception of fast food and their fluid consumption is crucial for designing effective nutrition education programs tailored to this population. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of sex and the use of media and the internet with adolescents\' perception of fast foods and the amount of fluid consumption.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on school adolescents between the ages of 15 and 18 years in Kuwait, using a multistage stratified random sampling method (N = 706 adolescents; 343 boys and 363 girls). A pre-tested and specifically designed self-report questionnaire covering several measures such as: (a) types of foods that are considered fast foods; and (b) participant\'s fluid consumption. Body weight and height were measured using calibrated medical scales. Body mass index (BMI) was computed. The adolescents were stratified by sex into two groups: boys and girls, for the purpose of analysis.
Seven out of 14 food choices showed significant sex differences (p values ranged from 0.016 to < 0.001) in the adolescents\' responses to whether they perceived such food choice as fast food or not. Although differences were found between sexes, the majority of the listed fast foods were correctly recognized as fast foods by the adolescents. In addition, there were significant differences between males and females in the amount of daily drinks (ml/week) consumed from full fat milk (males = l197.1 ± 27,652.1 and females = 1662.8 ± 2221, p = 0.013), sugar-sweetened beverage (males = 2350.8 ± 3324.3 and females = 3088.9 ± 3701.1, p = 0.004), and energy drinks (males = 429.5 ± 1117.2 and females = 267.6 ± 733.8, p = 0.037). Compared to adolescents who seldom or do not watch TV or use the internet, those who engage in these sedentary activities are less likely to classify pizza (aOR (95% CI) = 0.660 (0.440-0.990), p = 0.045), grilled meat (aOR (95% CI) = 0.674 (0.477-0.954), p = 0.026), fried egg sandwiches (aOR (95% CI) = 0.617 (0.425-0.894-0.189), p = 0.011), and rice (aOR (95% CI) = 0.598(0.409-0.875), p = 0.008) as fast foods.
The influence of TV and internet use on adolescent\'s ability to accurately identify fast foods has been observed. Findings indicate the need for increased fast food nutrition education programs that are tailored towards adolescents. The study recommends further research to enhance consumer awareness of foods and drinks among adolescents in the State of Kuwait.