背景:本研究评估了挪威移民和非移民妇女孕前肥胖的患病率和时间趋势,并探讨了移民居住时间对孕前肥胖患病率的影响。
方法:分析了挪威医学出生登记处和挪威统计局2016-2021年的观察数据。移民按出生国进行分类,并进一步分为全球疾病负担研究定义的七个超级地区。孕前肥胖定义为体重指数≥30.0kg/m2,某些亚洲亚组除外(≥27.5kg/m2)。统计分析涉及趋势分析的线性回归和患病率比率(PR)的对数二项回归。
结果:在275609例怀孕中,移民妇女占29.6%(N=81715)。总的来说,13.6%被归类为孕前肥胖:移民中为11.7%,非移民中为14.4%。在研究期间,移民和非移民的肥胖患病率都有所增加,平均每年增加0.62%(95%置信区间[CI]:0.55,0.70)。巴基斯坦女性的肥胖患病率尤其高,智利,索马里,刚果,尼日利亚,加纳,斯里兰卡,和印度(20.3%-26.9%)。来自“撒哈拉以南非洲”的移民妇女在更长的居住时间和更高的肥胖患病率(≥11岁(23.1%)与<1年(7.2%);调整后的PR=2.40;95%CI:1.65-3.48),尤其是来自肯尼亚的女性,厄立特里亚,刚果。
结论:从2016年到2021年,移民和非移民妇女的孕前肥胖患病率均增加。几个移民亚组显示出相当高的肥胖患病率,将他们置于肥胖相关不良妊娠结局的高风险中.应特别关注“撒哈拉以南非洲”的妇女,因为他们的肥胖患病率增加了一倍以上,居住时间更长。
BACKGROUND: This study assessed prevalence and time trends of pre-pregnancy obesity in immigrant and non-immigrant women in Norway and explored the impact of immigrants\' length of residence on pre-pregnancy obesity prevalence.
METHODS: Observational data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and Statistics Norway for the years 2016-2021 were analyzed. Immigrants were categorized by their country of birth and further grouped into seven super regions defined by the Global Burden of Disease study. Pre-pregnancy obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30.0 kg/m2, with exceptions for certain Asian subgroups (≥27.5 kg/m2). Statistical analysis involved linear regressions for trend analyses and log-binomial regressions for prevalence ratios (PRs).
RESULTS: Among 275 609 pregnancies, 29.6% (N = 81 715) were to immigrant women. Overall, 13.6% were classified with pre-pregnancy obesity: 11.7% among immigrants and 14.4% among non-immigrants. Obesity prevalence increased in both immigrants and non-immigrants during the study period, with an average yearly increase of 0.62% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55, 0.70). Obesity prevalence was especially high in women from Pakistan, Chile, Somalia, Congo, Nigeria, Ghana, Sri Lanka, and India (20.3%-26.9%). Immigrant women from \"Sub-Saharan Africa\" showed a strong association between longer residence length and higher obesity prevalence (≥11 years (23.1%) vs. <1 year (7.2%); adjusted PR = 2.40; 95% CI: 1.65-3.48), particularly in women from Kenya, Eritrea, and Congo.
CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of maternal pre-pregnancy obesity increased in both immigrant and non-immigrant women from 2016 to 2021. Several immigrant subgroups displayed a considerably elevated obesity prevalence, placing them at high risk for adverse obesity-related pregnancy outcomes. Particular attention should be directed towards women from \"Sub-Saharan Africa\", as their obesity prevalence more than doubled with longer residence.