花青素和黄酮醇是葡萄中重要的类黄酮代谢产物,对颜色做出主要贡献,口感,甚至葡萄和葡萄酒的味道。这些类黄酮在葡萄中的积累受到许多影响,不同但相互作用的因素,其中品种和气候是最重要的。在本研究中,四个葡萄品种(葡萄)的花色苷和黄酮醇谱,赤霞珠,Carmenere,西拉和梅洛,连续两年(2006年和2007年)对中国五大葡萄酒产区进行了考察。结果表明,我国各品种浆果皮的总花色苷含量呈由东向西增加的趋势,然而,酰化花色苷的比例显示出相反的趋势。西部葡萄区似乎有可能,海拔高,年降雨量少,在生产高水平的花色苷方面有优势。此外,在西部地区的葡萄中总是发现高比例的三羟基化黄酮醇,而二羟基化黄酮醇在海拔较低的东部地区更为突出。这表明这些类黄酮化合物的相对量可能取决于其相应的品种特征,而数量更多地受到它们生长的环境因素的影响。
Anthocyanins and flavonols are important flavonoid metabolites in grapes, making a dominant contribution to the color, the mouth feel and even the flavor of grapes and wines. The accumulation of these flavonoids in grapes is greatly influenced by a many, diverse but interacting factors, of which variety and climate are among the most important ones. In the present study, the anthocyanin and flavonol profiles of four grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.), Cabernet Sauvignon, Carmenere, Syrah and Merlot, from five major wine regions in China were examined for two consecutive years (2006 and 2007). The results showed that the total anthocyanin content of the berry skins in these cultivars tended to increase from east to west in China, yet the proportion of the acylated anthocyanins displayed the opposite trend. It seemed possible that the western grape regions, with their high altitude and low annual rainfall, had an advantage in producing high level of anthocyanins. In addition, a high proportion of trihydroxylated flavonols were always found in the western region grapes, whereas dihydroxylated flavonols were more prominent in the lower altitude eastern regions. This suggested that the relative amounts of these flavonoid compounds may depend on their corresponding cultivar characteristics, while the amounts are more affected by the environmental factors where they were growing.