世界上近一半的石油储量是在碳酸盐岩储层中发现的,具有非均质地层特征,是天然裂缝。由于这些储层中基质和裂缝网络之间的渗透率对比,一级和二级采油工艺无效。因此,在过去的几年中,人们对从裂缝性碳酸盐岩储层(FCR)中提高采油率(EOR)的兴趣与日俱增,并且许多成功的尝试涉及使用不同的热或非热采油率来提高采油率。尽管如此,许多研究人员最近将他们的研究转向使用低盐度水(LSW),纳米粒子(NPs),和表面活性剂(LNS)作为碳酸盐中的EOR剂,因为它们是环境友好的并且产生低成本。一些研究报告了LSW解决方案的成功应用,NPs,和表面活性剂作为单独的溶液或组合,碳酸盐地层。与实施相关的挑战,如LSW洪水的罚款迁移,表面活性剂吸附到孔壁上,和NPs在恶劣条件下的不稳定性,在文献中也得到了确认和解决。然而,对FCR进行的研究相对较少,以研究在存在骨折的情况下这些LNSEOR应用的有效性.这次审查,因此,使用LNS提供FCR中EOR的报告,并确定影响这些结果的机制。已经表明,基于地层损害的发生,细粒迁移可以促进EOR或降低恢复。此外,倾向于形成微乳液的表面活性剂对于FCR中的EOR应用将是有效的。最后,LNS解决方案显示有希望的结果与新兴技术,如交替注射,这可以应用于FCR。这项研究的结果为FCR中EOR的未来研究奠定了基础。
Nearly half of the world\'s oil reserves are found in carbonate reservoirs, which have heterogeneous formation characteristics and are naturally fractured. Because of the permeability contrast between the matrix and fracture network in these reservoirs, primary and secondary oil recovery processes are ineffective. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from fractured carbonate reservoirs (FCRs) over the past years and many successful attempts have involved the use of different thermal or non-thermal EOR methods to improve oil recovery. Nonetheless, many researchers have recently directed their studies towards the use of low salinity water (LSW), nanoparticles (NPs), and surfactant (LNS) as EOR agents in carbonates because they are environmentally friendly and incur low costs. Several studies have reported the successful application of the solutions of LSW, NPs, and surfactants either as individual solutions or in combinations, to carbonate formations. The challenges associated with their implementations such as fines migration for LSW flooding, surfactant adsorption onto the pore walls, and instability of NPs under harsh conditions, have also been identified in literature and addressed. However, relatively few investigations have been conducted on FCRs to study the effectiveness of these LNS EOR applications in the presence of fractures. This review, therefore, presents the reports of EOR in FCRs using LNS and identifies the mechanisms that influence these results. It has been shown that fines migration could either promote EOR or reduce recovery based on the occurrence of formation damage. In addition, surfactants with the tendency to form micro-emulsions will be efficient for EOR applications in FCRs. Finally, LNS solutions show promising results with emerging techniques such as alternating injection, which could be applied in FCRs. The findings from this study set the stage for future investigations into EOR in FCRs.