背景:COVID-19大流行对全球心理健康产生了负面影响,青少年经历不成比例的影响。有限的研究探索了不同的大流行限制对青少年心理健康的影响,只有少数研究检查了大流行对青少年心理健康的长期影响。这些调查对于告知公共卫生政策至关重要,特别是精神卫生保健在未来突发公共卫生事件中的整合。
方法:本研究旨在调查禁闭持续时间的影响以及青少年对大流行的主观体验对其健康的影响,内化症状,和外化症状。澳大利亚青少年(N=1,001,平均年龄=14.2岁)在2021年完成了一项基线调查,在大流行封锁解除后不久(时间1)。以及大约12个月后(时间2)的跟踪调查。感兴趣的预测因素是2020-2021年COVID-19封锁的总持续时间,以及青少年对大流行对他们社会关系的主观体验,学习,技术使用和家庭关系。分析中包括一系列协变量以检查亚组差异。
结果:线性混合效应模型表明,锁定的总持续时间与时间1或时间2的任何结果都不相关(所有ps>0.017)。在时间1(t=5.17,df=980,p<.001)和时间2(t=2.72,df=708,p=.007)时,大流行学习的负面主观体验与更大的外化症状相关。关于社会联系的大流行的负面主观体验仅在时间2与更大的内化症状相关(t=3.20,df=709,p=.001)。关于家庭关系或技术使用的大流行的负面主观经验与时间1或时间2的任何结果无关(所有ps>0.017)。
结论:解除封锁后,青少年对大流行在学习和社会关系方面的负面主观体验与更大的内在化和外在化症状相关。封锁的持续时间与任何主要结局无关。在未来突发公共卫生事件中,心理健康干预措施应量身定做,以帮助青少年适应新的学习环境,建立和维持社会关系。
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted global mental health, with adolescents experiencing disproportionate effects. Limited research has explored the impact of different pandemic restrictions on adolescent mental health, and only a few studies have examined the longer-term impacts of the pandemic on adolescent mental health. These investigations are crucial for informing public health policies, particularly the integration of mental health care in future public health emergencies.
METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown duration and the impact of adolescents\' subjective experiences of the pandemic on their wellbeing, internalising symptoms, and externalising symptoms. Australian adolescents (N = 1,001, mean age = 14.2 years) completed a baseline survey in 2021, shortly after pandemic
lockdowns were lifted (Time 1), and a follow-up survey approximately 12 months later (Time 2). Predictors of interest were the total duration of COVID-19
lockdowns across 2020-2021, and adolescents\' subjective experiences of the pandemic on their social connections, learning, technology use and family relationships. A range of covariates were included in analyses to examine subgroup differences.
RESULTS: Linear mixed-effects models indicated that total duration of the lockdown was not associated with any of the outcomes at Time 1 or Time 2 (all ps > 0.017). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on learning was associated with greater externalising symptoms at both Time 1 (t = 5.17, df = 980, p <.001) and Time 2 (t = 2.72, df = 708, p =.007). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on social connection was associated with greater internalising symptoms at Time 2 only (t = 3.20, df = 709, p =.001). Negative subjective experience of the pandemic on family relationships or technology use was not associated with any of the outcomes at Time 1 or Time 2 (all ps > 0.017).
CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents\' negative subjective experience of the pandemic on learning and social connections was associated with greater internalising and externalising symptoms after the lockdown had been lifted. Duration of
lockdowns was not associated with any of the primary outcomes. During future public health emergencies, mental health interventions should be tailored to assist adolescents to adapt to new learning environments, and to build and maintain social connections.