畜牧业在维持全世界数百万家庭的生计方面发挥着至关重要的作用,尤其是在发展中国家。然而,依靠农业和畜牧业的农户特别容易受到各种传染病和自然灾害的影响。这项研究的重点是估计巴基斯坦块状皮肤病(LSD)给家庭带来的经济负担,并探讨了各种社会经济因素对死亡率的影响。通过问卷调查收集了406名农民的数据,并通过描述性统计进行了分析,以计算货币损失。此外,本研究采用分数probit回归分析来确定影响死亡率的因素.结果表明,LSD对巴基斯坦农户的经济影响显著,导致直接和间接损失,降低牛奶生产率。与本地奶牛相比,发现外来奶牛更容易死亡。研究还发现,农民的教育,经验,家庭每月收入,疫苗接种,国内商业,商业动物,获得信息与死亡率呈负相关。这项研究的结果强调了预防措施的必要性,如负担得起的疫苗,治疗,改善牲畜健康和福利,以减轻LSD对农民收入和当地经济的负面影响。
The livestock sector plays a crucial role in sustaining the livelihoods of millions of families across the world, especially in developing countries. However, farming households that rely on agriculture and livestock are particularly susceptible to the impacts of various infectious diseases and natural disasters. This study focuses on estimating the economic burden imposed on households by lumpy skin disease (LSD) in Pakistan and explores the effect of various socioeconomic factors on mortality ratio. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey from 406 farmers and were analyzed through descriptive statistics to calculate the monetary losses. In addition, the study employed fractional probit regression to identify factors affecting mortality ratio. The results demonstrate significant economic impacts of LSD on farm households in Pakistan, leading to direct and indirect losses and reduced milk productivity. Exotic cows were found to be more susceptible to mortality compared to indigenous cows. The study also found that farmers\' education, experience, household income per month, vaccination, domestic-commercial, commercial animals, and access to information were negatively associated with mortality. The findings of this study emphasize the need for preventative measures such as affordable vaccines, treatment, and improved livestock health and welfare to mitigate the negative effects of LSD on farmers\' income and the local economy.