背景:沙蝇Nyssomyianeivai是巴西南部最丰富的物种之一。它经常出现在圣卡塔琳娜州内脏利什曼病的病灶区域,由婴儿利什曼原虫引起的.在这个地区,婴儿L.的主要媒介,Lutzomialongialpis,尚未检测到。在没有L.longipalpis的情况下,这项研究旨在识别沙蝇动物群并诊断任何潜在的利什曼原虫。巴西南部地区沙蝇和狗的感染最近经历了犬内脏利什曼病的爆发。
方法:本报告包括对图巴朗市人畜共患病控制中心(圣卡塔琳娜,巴西)。进行了分子测试以调查利什曼原虫。使用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对沙蝇进行自然感染。在积极的女性中,除了形态学鉴定,通过DNA条形码进行分子分析以确定沙蝇种类。此外,测试了这些狗是否存在利什曼原虫。使用非侵入性技术收集生物材料,通过PCR进行评估。
结果:总共3419只沙蝇,属于五个属,被收集。Neivai睡眠症是最丰富的物种(85.8%),其次是Migonemyiamigonei(13.3%),费氏原虫(0.8%),埃文多菌病(<0.1%),和Brumptomyia属的物种。(0.1%)。在通过PCR分析的509名非肥胖女性中,两个(0.4%)携带L.infantumDNA。自然感染的雌性被鉴定为Ny。Neivai,在形态学和分子分析中。此外,狗的47个结膜拭子中有两个检测出婴儿乳球菌阳性,感染率为4.2%。
结论:这些结果证实了Ny的存在。Neivai在狗也被寄生虫感染的地区自然感染了婴儿乳球菌,表明了它在巴西南部作为媒介的潜在作用。
BACKGROUND: The sand fly Nyssomyia neivai is one of the most abundant species in Southern Brazil. It is frequently found in areas that are foci of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Santa Catarina, caused by Leishmania infantum. In this region, the main vector of L. infantum, Lutzomyia longipalpis, has not been detected. In the absence of L. longipalpis, this study aimed to identify the sand fly fauna and diagnose any potential Leishmania spp. infection in sand flies and in dogs in a region of Southern Brazil that experienced a recent canine visceral leishmaniasis outbreak.
METHODS: This report includes a survey of the sand fly fauna at the Zoonosis Control Center of the Municipality of Tubarão (Santa Catarina, Brazil). Molecular tests were conducted to investigate Leishmania spp. natural infection in sand flies using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In positive females, in addition to morphological identification, molecular analysis through DNA barcoding was performed to determine the sand fly species. Additionally, the dogs were tested for the presence of Leishmania spp. using a non-invasive technique for the collection of biological material, to be assessed by PCR.
RESULTS: A total of 3419 sand flies, belonging to five genera, were collected. Nyssomyia neivai was the most abundant species (85.8%), followed by Migonemyia migonei (13.3%), Pintomyia fischeri (0.8%), Evandromyia edwardsi (< 0.1%), and species of the genus Brumptomyia. (0.1%). Out of the 509 non-engorged females analyzed by PCR, two (0.4%) carried L. infantum DNA. The naturally infected females were identified as Ny. neivai, in both morphological and molecular analysis. In addition, two out of 47 conjunctival swabs from dogs tested positive for L. infantum, yielding an infection rate of 4.2%.
CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the presence of Ny. neivai naturally infected with L. infantum in an area where dogs were also infected by the parasite, suggesting its potential role as a vector in Southern Brazil.