背景:在大型动物中,绵羊的心脏在功能和结构上与人类的心脏非常相似。在研究中,以绵羊为动物模型研究心脏病的发病机制和治疗过程。因此,用超声心动图确定绵羊心脏结构的正常值是特别强调的。本研究的目的是确定伊朗种绵羊心脏的正常超声心动图值。
方法:在20只健康的伊朗公羊中,体重30-35公斤,年龄4-6个月,通过B模式,在纵向和横向视图中,通过2.5-5MHz相控阵换能器,从集中在第3至第5肋间空间的右胸骨旁入路进行站立超声心动图。M模式和多普勒系统。在M型超声心动图中,室间隔的参数,左心室内径,左心室游离壁,右心室游离壁和右心室内径在舒张期和收缩期以及终点间隔分离,射血分数(EF)斜率,主动脉根部直径,左心耳,左心房直径/主动脉瓣直径,左心室射血时间,分数缩短,舒张末期容积,收缩末期容积,EF,每搏输出量和心输出量以及脉冲波谱多普勒超声心动图,二尖瓣最大速度(Vmax)参数,二尖瓣平均速度(Vmean),二尖瓣最大压力梯度(PGmax),二尖瓣平均压力梯度(PGmean),二尖瓣速度时间积分(VTI),二尖瓣E波(MV-E),MV-E压力梯度,二尖瓣A波(MV-A),MV-A压力梯度,主动脉Vmax,主动脉瓣Vmean,主动脉瓣PGmax,主动脉瓣PGmean,主动脉瓣VTI,左心室流出道(LVOT)-Vmax,测量LVOT-Vmean。
结果:这项研究中的所有绵羊都是健康的,没有心脏病的迹象。在这项研究中,在伊朗Shall绵羊中评估并识别了M模式和频谱多普勒超声心动图的参数。结果表明,超声心动图的参数可以在Shall绵羊中可靠地确定,在健康羊中建立了这些参数和左心室功能指数的正常参考值。这些结果可以在适当的想象中有益,识别和测量心脏结构。
结论:本研究可为绵羊医学中的心脏病评估和诊断以及绵羊实验模型中的人类心血管研究提供参考。
BACKGROUND: Among the large animals, the heart of sheep is functionally and structurally very similar to the human heart. In research, sheep are used as an animal model to study the process of cardiac disease pathogenesis and treatment. Therefore, determining the normal values of the heart structures of sheep with echocardiography is of particular emphasis. The purpose of the present research is to define the normal echocardiography values of heart in Iranian Shall breed sheep.
METHODS: In 20 healthy Iranian Shall male sheep weighing 30-35 kg and aged 4-6 months, standing echocardiography was done from the right parasternal approach concentrated on the 3rd to 5th intercostal spaces by 2.5-5 MHz phased array transducer in the longitudinal and transverse views by B-mode, M-mode and Doppler systems. In M-mode echocardiographic, the parameters of interventricular septal, left ventricular internal diameter, left ventricular free wall, right ventricular free wall and right ventricular internal diameter in diastole and systole as well as end point septal separation, ejection fraction (EF) slope, aortic root diameter, left atrial appendage, left atrial diameter/aortic valve diameter, left ventricular ejection time, fractional shortening, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, EF, stroke volume and cardiac output and in pulsed-wave spectral Doppler echocardiographic, the parameters of mitral valve maximum velocity (Vmax), mitral valve mean velocity (Vmean), mitral valve maximum pressure gradient (PGmax), mitral valve mean pressure gradient (PGmean), mitral valve velocity time integral (VTI), mitral valve E-wave (MV-E), MV-E pressure gradient, mitral valve A-wave (MV-A), MV-A pressure gradient, aortic Vmax, aortic valve Vmean, aortic valve PGmax, aortic valve PGmean, aortic valve VTI, left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT)-Vmax, LVOT-Vmean were measured.
RESULTS: All the sheep in this study were healthy and had no signs of heart disease. In this study, the parameters of M-mode and spectral Doppler echocardiographic were assessed and recognized in Iranian Shall sheep. The results demonstrated the parameters of echocardiographic could be dependably determined in Shall sheep which, established normal reference values for these parameters and left ventricular function indices in healthy Shall sheep. These results can be beneficial in appropriate imagination, recognition and measuring cardiac structures.
CONCLUSIONS: This study can be exerted as a reference for the assessment and diagnosis of heart diseases in sheep medicine and human cardiovascular research in sheep experimental models.