自2000年以来,孟加拉国东南部的山体滑坡已导致700多人死亡,其中大部分是在非正式定居点。例如,2007年吉大港非正式定居点的山体滑坡和2017年Rangamati的山体滑坡夺走了127和150人的生命,分别。尽管孟加拉国政府声称要实施降低风险,与滑坡有关的死亡人数正在增加。因此,这项研究通过解决与减少灾害风险有关的几个科学和技术问题,研究了加强滑坡风险减少干预措施的方法。这项研究进行了焦点小组讨论,主要线人访谈和与滑坡风险管理中主要利益相关者的专家访谈,以收集定性数据。此外,定居点的历史记录,媒体报道,审查了机构行动计划和政策。
■通过集成主数据和辅助数据,这项研究发现,几个政治经济方面是该地区近期滑坡增加的主要人为因素。促成因素包括:增加区域人口的政策和行动计划;土地管理;非法砍伐森林;在丘陵地区建立水电的计划;定居点的所有权;操纵水,向非法定居点供应天然气和电力;商业种植园;缺乏风险治理;计划外的发展活动;人口自然增加;山坡沿线的定居点增加。这项研究确定并讨论了从以前的滑坡灾害中吸取的教训,预警系统的弱点及其传播和改善疏散的方法,救援,救济和风险降低。最后,这项研究为孟加拉国东南部有效实施滑坡风险降低提出了建议。
Since 2000, landslides in southeast Bangladesh have resulted in over 700 deaths, most of which were in informal settlements. For instance, the 2007 landslides in informal settlements in Chittagong and the 2017 landslides in Rangamati took 127 and 150 lives, respectively. Although the government of Bangladesh claims to implement risk reduction, the number of deaths associated with landslides is increasing. Hence, this study investigated the ways to enhance
landslide risk reduction interventions by addressing several scientific and technical issues related to disaster risk reduction. This study conducted focus group discussions, key informant interviews and expert interviews with key stakeholders in
landslide risk management to collect qualitative data. Moreover, the historical accounts of settlements, media reporting, institutional action plans and policies were reviewed.
UNASSIGNED: By integrating primary and secondary data, this study found that several political-economic aspects are major anthropogenic contributors to the recent increase in landslides in the region. The contributing factors included the following: policy and action plans to raise regional population; land management; illegal deforestation; plans to establish hydroelectricity in hilly areas; ownership of settlements; manipulation of water, gas and electricity supply to illegal settlements; commercial plantations; lack of risk governance; unplanned development activities; natural population rise; increased settlement along hill slopes. This study identified and discussed lessons learned from previous
landslide disasters, the weakness of early warning systems and their dissemination and ways to improve evacuation, rescue, relief and risk reduction. Finally, this study formulated recommendations for the effective implementation of
landslide risk reduction in southeast Bangladesh.