这项研究调查了LULC变化对埃塞俄比亚西南部迷宫国家公园(MzNP)及其周边地区某些生态系统服务的影响。1985年,2005年和2020年的Landsat图像用于检查土地利用土地覆盖(LULC)变化。使用随机森林(RF)分类器对图像进行分类,并在QGIS中计算了它们的精度。然后使用采用生态系统服务评估数据库(ESVD)系数的利益转移方法估算生态系统服务价值(ESV)。此外,进行了社会经济调查,以了解当地社区对生态系统服务动态的看法。调查结果显示,农田(103.7%)和建成区(31.32%)显著增加,而河流森林,水体,林地减少了。整体ESV下降了20%,从1985年的203842万美元到2020年的162872万美元,主要是由于河流森林和林地的减少。至于1985年至2020年期间的个别ESV,只有粮食产量增加了70万美元,在供水的同时,气候调节,原材料,娱乐和旅游业下降了180.35、2.67、45.72和48162万美元,分别。敏感性系数范围为0.01至0.94,<1,表明我们的估计相对稳健。生态系统服务,如放牧,娱乐,野生食物,柴火受到当地居民的高度重视,但是由于环境恶化和进入公园的限制,随着时间的推移,它们正在下降。因此,了解LULC的变化及其对ESV的影响可以帮助决策者设计有效的保护区管理计划,并减少资源使用方面的潜在冲突。建议进行进一步的调查,以使用高分辨率卫星图像和不同的评估方法来更准确地量化ESV。
This study investigated the impacts of LULC changes on selected ecosystem services in Maze National Park (MzNP) and its environs in southwestern Ethiopia. Landsat images from 1985, 2005, and 2020 were used to examine land use land cover (LULC) changes. Images were classified using the Random Forest (RF) classifier, and their accuracy was computed in QGIS. Ecosystem service values (ESVs) were then estimated using the benefit transfer method employing Ecosystem Service Valuation Database (ESVD) coefficients. Additionally, socioeconomic survey was conducted to understand the local community\'s perceptions regarding the dynamics of ecosystem services. The findings revealed a significant increase in croplands (103.7 %) and built-up areas (31.32 %), while riverine forests, water bodies, and wooded grasslands declined. The overall ESVs decreased by 20 %, from 2038.42 million USD in 1985 to 1628.72 million USD in 2020, mainly driven by reductions in riverine forests and wooded grasslands. As for the individual ESVs for the period 1985 to 2020, only food production increased by 0.7 million USD, while water supply, climate regulation, raw materials, and recreation and tourism declined by 180.35, 2.67, 45.72, and 481.62 million USD, respectively. The coefficient of sensitivity ranged from 0.01 to 0.94, <1, revealed that our estimates are relatively robust. Ecosystem services such as grazing, recreation, wild food, and firewood are highly valued by local residents, but they are declining over time due to environmental degradation and restrictions on access to the park. Thus, understanding LULC changes and their impacts on ESVs can help decision-makers design effective protected area management plans and reduce potential conflicts over resource uses. Further investigations are suggested to more accurately quantify ESVs using high resolution satellite imageries and different valuation methods.