咳嗽是呼吸道或空气传播疾病传播的主要症状途径,包括COVID-19。几个参数,如咳嗽的年龄,性别,和姿势影响粒子在室内的分散。这项研究对短暂咳嗽的演变进行了数值调查,污染范围,粒子到达概率,和不同年龄段的男性和女性在通风房间中站立和坐姿的沉积比例。在有和没有空气通风影响的情况下,也研究了布面罩的功效。已实施了经过验证的计算流体动力学方法来模拟复杂的物理学,例如湍流浮力云,粒子-空气相互作用,粒子碰撞/分裂,和液滴蒸发。我们的研究结果表明,由于咳嗽速度和颗粒计数较低,女性的污染范围略低。此外,相当一部分的颗粒通过两米的社会距离指导阈值,咳嗽不受阻碍。此外,与没有口罩的咳嗽相比,戴口罩的平均污染范围减少了大约三分之二的距离。然而,雾化颗粒达到更长的流向距离,并在30秒以上的持续时间内漂移。这项研究可以用来提高加热,通风,以及室内环境中的空调建议和距离指南。
Coughing is a primary symptomatic pathway of respiratory or air-borne disease transmission, including COVID-19. Several parameters such as cougher\'s age, gender, and posture affect particle dispersion indoors. This study numerically investigates the transient cough evolution, contamination range, particle reach probability, and deposition fraction for different age groups of males and females in standing and sitting postures in a ventilated room. The efficacy of a cloth mask has also been studied with and without the influence of air ventilation. Validated Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology has been implemented to model complex physics such as turbulent buoyant cloud, particle-air interaction, particle collision/breakup, and droplet evaporation. Our results show that overall, the contamination range is slightly lower for females due to lower cough velocities and particle counts. Moreover, a significant fraction of particles crosses the two meters social distancing guideline threshold with an unhindered cough. Besides, wearing a cloth mask reduces the average contamination range by approximately two-third of the distance compared to coughing without the mask. However, aerosolized particles reach longer streamwise distances and drift for extended durations beyond thirty seconds. This study can be used to improve the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning recommendations and distancing guidelines in indoor settings.