人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)可以在HPV驱动的异常过程中增加感染细胞的增殖,如宫颈癌或良性疣。迄今为止,已经鉴定出超过200种HPV基因型,其中大多数被分为三个主要属:Alphapillomavirus,Betapillomavirus,和伽玛巴皮瘤病毒.HPV基因组通常编码两种结构蛋白(L1和L2)和七种功能蛋白(E1、E2、E4-E7和E8)。L2,HPV的次要结构蛋白,不仅作为病毒衣壳成分,而且在病毒感染期间与各种人类蛋白质相互作用。最近的一份报告显示,HPV16的L2招募了马球样激酶1(Plk1),真核有丝分裂和细胞周期进程的主要调节因子,用于在HPV16感染期间将病毒DNA递送至有丝分裂染色质。在这项研究中,我们验证了Plk1的polo-box结构域(PBD)与来自HPV16/HPV18(高风险α-apillomavirus)的L2的含PBD结合基序(S-S-pT-P)的磷酸肽之间的直接和有效的相互作用,HPV5b(低风险β-apillomavirus),和HPV4(低危gmmodapillomavirus)。随后对与HPV18或HPV4L2衍生的磷酸肽结合的Plk1PBD的结构确定表明,它们以规范的方式相互作用,其中静电相互作用和氢键在维持复合物中起关键作用。因此,我们的结构和生化数据暗示Plk1是属于Alpha的各种HPV基因型的L2的广泛结合靶标,贝塔-,和伽玛巴皮瘤病毒属。
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can increase the proliferation of infected cells during HPV-driven abnormalities, such as cervical cancer or benign warts. To date, more than 200 HPV genotypes have been identified, most of which are classified into three major genera: Alphapapillomavirus, Betapapillomavirus, and Gammapapillomavirus. HPV genomes commonly encode two structural (L1 and
L2) and seven functional (E1, E2, E4-E7, and E8) proteins.
L2, the minor structural protein of HPVs, not only serves as a viral capsid component but also interacts with various human proteins during viral infection. A recent report revealed that L2 of HPV16 recruits polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), a master regulator of eukaryotic mitosis and cell cycle progression, for the delivery of viral DNA to mitotic chromatin during HPV16 infection. In this study, we verified the direct and potent interactions between the polo-box domain (PBD) of Plk1 and PBD-binding motif (S-S-pT-P)-containing phosphopeptides derived from
L2 of HPV16/HPV18 (high-risk alphapapillomaviruses), HPV5b (low-risk betapapillomavirus), and HPV4 (low-risk gammapapillomavirus). Subsequent structural determination of the Plk1 PBD bound to the HPV18 or HPV4
L2-derived phosphopeptide demonstrated that they interact with each other in a canonical manner, in which electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds play key roles in sustaining the complex. Therefore, our structural and biochemical data imply that Plk1 is a broad binding target of
L2 of various HPV genotypes belonging to the Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammapapillomavirus genera.