背景:有人声称,北欧寄存器数据是用于研究的“金矿”。然而,一个限制是缺乏关于工作条件的信息。作业暴露矩阵(JEM)是解决此问题的一种方法。因此,这项研究的三个目的是(I)调查基于职业的社会心理正义运动的可靠性,即,工作应变指数(工作应变或JSI缩写),(ii)检查此工作压力度量的构造和与标准相关的有效性(iii),并评估基于职业的工作压力指数的并发和预测有效性,以用于分析挪威注册数据。
方法:该研究利用了挪威全国范围内的工作环境生活条件调查的五波数据,总共样本为43,977人,并以1,589,535人的样本进行了数据登记。工作应变由属于KarasekDC模型的两个维度的项目组成,工作需求和工作控制(1979)。JSI及其尺寸和组件的可靠性通过测量一致程度(科恩的kappa)进行了调查,灵敏度,特异性,和内部一致性(克朗巴赫的阿尔法)。通过验证性因子分析评估结构效度,标准相关效度由并发效度和预测效度衡量。选择的并发标准是关于长期病假的自我报告调查信息,焦虑,抑郁症,和睡眠困难。预测标准是关于领取残疾福利的登记信息,死亡率,和长期病假。
结果:个人和基于职业的工作压力和组成部分之间的协议是公平的。基于职业的工作压力及其组成部分的敏感性和特异性从可接受到低变化。包含工作需求和工作控制的项目的一致性显然是可以接受的。关于并发有效性,(个人和职业)工作紧张之间的显著关联,男女都有长期病假和睡眠困难。基于职业的工作压力表明男性焦虑和抑郁的风险升高,但不是在女性中。至于预测可靠性,男性和女性均观察到基于职业的工作压力和所有三项健康结局之间的显著关联.
结论:我们基于职业的JSI是社会心理工作暴露的可靠且有效的指标,可用于分析挪威注册数据,其中缺少有关此类条件的个人信息。
It has been claimed that Nordic register data are a \"goldmine\" for research. However, one limitation is the lack of information on working conditions. Job exposure matrices (JEMs) are one solution to this problem. Thus, the three aims of this study were (i) to investigate the reliability of an occupation-based psychosocial JEM, i.e., a Job Strain Index (job strain or JSI abbreviated), (ii) to examine the construct and criterion-related validity of this measure of job strain (iii) and assesses the concurrent and the predictive validity of an occupation-based Job Strain Index for use in analyses of Norwegian register data.
The study utilized five waves of the nationwide Norway Survey of Living Conditions in the Work Environment with a total sample of 43,977 individuals and register data with a total sample of 1,589,535 individuals. Job strain was composed of items belonging to the two dimensions of Karasek\'s DC model, job demands and job control (1979). The reliability of the JSI and its dimensions and components were investigated by measuring the degree of agreement (Cohen\'s kappa), sensitivity, specificity, and internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha). Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion-related validity was measured by concurrent validity and predictive validity. The selected concurrent criteria were self-reported survey information on long-term sick absence, anxiety, depression, and sleeping difficulty. The predictive criteria were register information on receipt of disability benefits, mortality, and long-term sick leave.
Agreement between individual and occupation-based job strain and components was fair to poor. The sensitivity and specificity of occupation-based job strain and its components varied from acceptable to low. The consistency of the items comprising job demand and job control was clearly acceptable. Regarding concurrent validity, significant associations between (both individual and occupational) job strain, and long-term sick leave and sleeping difficulty were observed for both genders. Occupation-based job strain indicated an elevated risk for anxiety and depression among men, but not among women. As for predictive reliability, significant associations between occupation-based job strain and all three health outcomes were observed for both men and women.
Our occupation-based JSI serves as a reliable and valid indicator of psychosocial job exposure that can be used in analyses of Norwegian register data where individual information on such conditions is missing.