急性脑炎综合征(AES)是印度的主要公共卫生问题,因为目前的测试算法在大多数情况下病因仍然未知。我们旨在研究日本脑炎(JE)的发病率,并确定非JEAES病例的病因,以开发基于证据的测试算法。通过ELISA和聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测脑脊液(CSF)样品中的日本脑炎病毒。对登革热进行了多重实时PCR,基孔肯雅,西尼罗河,Zika,肠道病毒,爱泼斯坦巴尔病毒,单纯疱疹病毒,腺病毒,巨细胞病毒,疱疹病毒6型,副病毒,细小病毒B19,水痘带状疱疹病毒,斑疹伤寒,立克次体物种,钩端螺旋体,沙门氏菌种类,肺炎链球菌,流感嗜血杆菌,脑膜炎奈瑟菌,疟原虫物种和通过ELISA检测腮腺炎和麻疹病毒。在3173个脑脊液样本中,461例(14.5%)JE阳性。在334个非JEAES案例中,66.2%,即。斑疹伤寒(25.7%),腮腺炎(19.5%),麻疹(4.2%),细小病毒B19(3.9%)疟原虫(2.7%),HSV1和2(2.4%),EBV和肺炎链球菌(各2.1%),沙门氏菌和HHV6(各1.2%)占主导地位。因此,改进的监测系统和我们建议的扩展测试算法可以改善印度AES潜在可治疗感染因子的诊断。
Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a major public health concern in India as the aetiology remains unknown in the majority of cases with the current testing algorithm. We aimed to study the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and determine the aetiology of non-JE AES cases to develop an evidence-based testing algorithm. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were tested for Japanese encephalitis virus by ELISA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Multiplex real-time PCR was done for Dengue, Chikungunya, West Nile, Zika, Enterovirus, Epstein Barr Virus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Adenovirus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpesvirus 6, Parechovirus, Parvovirus B19, Varicella Zoster Virus, Scrub typhus, Rickettsia species, Leptospira, Salmonella species, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, Plasmodium species and by ELISA for Mumps and Measles virus. Of the 3173 CSF samples, 461 (14.5%) were positive for JE. Of the 334 non-JE AES cases, 66.2% viz. Scrub typhus (25.7%), Mumps (19.5%), Measles (4.2%), Parvovirus B19 (3.9%) Plasmodium (2.7%), HSV 1 and 2 (2.4%), EBV and Streptococcus pneumoniae (2.1% each), Salmonella and HHV 6 (1.2% each) were predominant. Hence, an improved surveillance system and our suggested expanded testing algorithm can improve the diagnosis of potentially treatable infectious agents of AES in India.