■使用经过验证的工具,从患者的角度了解弱视和斜视对生活质量(QoL)的影响,将使眼科医师能够提供更好的临床管理。
■题库是先进的患者报告的结果指标,与传统的QoL评估相比具有若干优势。本文介绍了针对两个不同国家/地区的弱视和斜视特定QoL题库的发展:澳大利亚(高收入)和印度(中低收入),并研究了独特的QoL问题。
■使用自下而上的系统方法,项目库的内容从三个来源确定:现有的自我报告弱视和斜视问卷(n=22),澳大利亚(n=49)和印度(n=30)的定性文献(n=5)和前瞻性定性研究。初始项目池进行了项目评估,建筑,和预测试,以形成最佳的代表性项目集。印度物品池最初是用英语开发的,并使用严格的翻译协议翻译成印地语和泰米尔语。比较了定性研究产生的QoL经验的差异以及最终项目池中常见和独特项目的数量。
■最终的澳大利亚和印度项目池包括312和277个项目,分别,涵盖11个QoL域。两国共有二百六十项(79%),21%是独一无二的。在11个领域中,除活动限制(64.5%)外,视觉症状(73.3%)和情绪影响(75.5%)领域,所有其他域名都有80%以上的两国共有项目。独特的项目可以归因于QoL体验的差异,个人观点,文化,生活方式,国家设置和卫生系统。
■弱视对QoL有多方面的影响,无论国家/地区如何。尽管澳大利亚和印度之间的QoL影响存在巨大重叠,两国都有独特的问题,特别是活动限制。这项研究发展全面,针对澳大利亚和印度的特定国家/地区项目池。
UNASSIGNED: Understanding the quality-of-life (QoL) impacts of amblyopia and strabismus from the perspectives of patients using validated tools would enable eye care practitioners to provide better clinical management.
UNASSIGNED: Item banks are advanced patient reported outcome measures with several advantages over traditional QoL assessment. This paper describes the development of amblyopia and strabismus-specific QoL item banks for two distinct country settings: Australia (high-income) and India (low-middle income) and examines the unique QoL issues.
UNASSIGNED: Using a bottom-up systematic approach, the content for the item banks was identified from three sources: existing self-report amblyopia and strabismus questionnaires (n = 22), qualitative literature (n = 5) and prospective qualitative studies in Australia (n = 49) and India (n = 30). The initial item pool underwent item evaluation, construction, and pre-testing to form optimal sets of representative items. The Indian item pools were first developed in English and translated into Hindi and Tamil using a rigorous translation protocol. The differences in QoL experiences that emanated from the qualitative studies and the number of common and unique items in the final item pools were compared.
UNASSIGNED: The final Australian and Indian item pools comprised 312 and 277 items, respectively, covering 11 QoL domains. Two hundred and sixty items (79%) were common to both countries, and 21% were unique. Of the 11 domains, except for activity limitation (64.5%), visual symptoms (73.3%) and emotional impact (75.5%) domains, all other domains had over 80% of items common to both countries. The unique items can be attributed to differences in QoL experiences, individual perspectives, culture, lifestyle, country setting and health systems.
UNASSIGNED: Amblyopia has a multifaceted impact on QoL irrespective of the country settings. Despite a huge overlap in QoL impacts between Australia and India, both countries had unique issues, especially activity limitations. The study developed comprehensive, country-specific item pools for Australia and India.