三花汤(SHD),传统的处方,长期以来一直用于治疗缺血性中风(IS)。然而,SHD的治疗效果以及肠道菌群和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的相关变化尚不确定。在这项研究中,通过大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)建立大鼠IS模型。通过评估脑梗死面积和脑组织病理,发现SHD改善了MCAO大鼠的IS相关症状。使用16SrRNA基因测序,我们发现SHD减少了异常升高的乳酸杆菌和机会性病原体,如Desulfovibrio,但是增加了一些产生SCFA的有益细菌,包括梭菌,落叶松科,Ruminocycaceae,和球菌。KEGG分析显示SHD调节几种途径,包括D-精氨酸和D-鸟氨酸代谢,聚酮化合物糖单位生物合成,和氰基氨基酸代谢,在MCAO大鼠中显著改变。通过气相色谱-质谱法检测SCFAs,我们发现粪便乙酸,戊酸,在MCAO大鼠中己酸显著增加,而丙酸和异丁酸则减少。SHD逆转了模型大鼠乙酸和丙酸的变化,并显着增加了粪便丁酸。此外,MCAO大鼠血清乙酸水平明显增高,丁酸,异戊酸,和戊酸,和较低水平的己酸。血清丁酸水平改变,异戊酸,戊酸,和己酸恢复,SHD给药后异丁酸水平降低。Spearman分析显示脑梗死面积与双歧杆菌有很强的相关性,Desulfovibrio,落叶松科,乳酸菌,乙酸,戊酸,和己酸。总的来说,这项研究首次证明SHD对IS的影响可能与肠道菌群和SCFA有关,为SHD对IS的改善作用提供潜在的科学解释。
Sanhua decoction (SHD), a traditional prescription, has long been used in treating ischemic stroke (IS). However, the therapeutic effect of SHD and the associated changes in gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are uncertain. In this study, a rat model of IS was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). By evaluating the cerebral infarct area and brain tissue pathology, it was found that SHD ameliorated IS-related symptoms in MCAO rats. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we found that SHD reduced abnormally elevated Lactobacillus and opportunistic pathogens such as Desulfovibrio, but increased some beneficial bacteria that produce SCFAs, including Clostridia, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Coprococcus. KEGG analysis revealed that SHD regulates several pathways, including D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism, polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis, and cyanoamino acid metabolism, which are significantly altered in MCAO rats. By gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection of SCFAs, we found that fecal acetic acid, valeric acid, and caproic acid were significantly increased in MCAO rats, whereas propionic acid and isobutyric acid were decreased. SHD reversed the changes in acetic acid and propionic acid in the model rats and significantly increased fecal butyric acid. In addition, MCAO rats had significantly higher serum levels of acetic acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid, and lower levels of caproic acid. Altered serum levels of butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, and caproic acid were restored, and the level of isobutyric acid was reduced after SHD administration. Spearman analysis revealed that cerebral infarct area had a strong correlation with Bifidobacterium, Desulfovibrio, Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, acetic acid, valeric acid, and caproic acid. Overall, this study demonstrates for the first time that the effect of SHD on IS may be related to gut microbiota and SCFAs, providing a potential scientific explanation for the ameliorative effect of SHD on IS.