背景:积极和消极的影响影响个人利用可用的身体,心理,和社会资源,以最大限度地应对生活事件。很少有研究研究影响部署军事人员中积极情感发展或消极情感反应减少的因素。本研究旨在调查与部署相关的压力源与已部署的美国服役人员中行为健康问题的症状与情感之间的关系。
方法:参与者是1148名部署到巴拉德的美国空军医务人员,伊拉克,2004年至2011年。所有参与者完成了PTSD症状的自我报告测量,一般军事和战斗暴露,压力,和情感。威尔福德霍尔医疗中心的机构审查委员会,空军人员调查计划,美国陆军联合战斗伤亡研究小组审查并批准了这项研究。
结果:大多数受访者(89%,1,018/1,139)报告了积极的军事经验,但许多受访者报告在部署期间暴露于潜在的创伤性事件。例如,看到死亡或受重伤的美国人(47%,523/1,123)是参与者报告的最常见暴露。很大一部分人员(21%,232/1,089)报告了PTSD症状的临床水平(在军事版创伤后应激障碍清单上评分为33或更高)。危险因素,包括创伤后应激障碍症状,战斗暴露,和压力,解释了39%的负面影响差异,R2=0.39,F(1046)=224.96,P<.001。相反,这些风险和弹性因素,包括创伤后应激障碍症状,战斗暴露,压力,和一般军事经验,解释了28%的积极影响差异,R2=0.28,F(1050)=103.79,P<.001。预测积极和消极情感的模型之间没有发现显著的性别差异。
结论:负面情绪状态可能部分是PTSD的附带现象,已被证明在部署的环境中得到安全有效的处理。部署期间的社会支持与积极情绪独特地相关。这些发现超出了军事范围,延伸到任何高压力的职业,其中领导人可以将这些发现解释为需要建立或加强努力,以提供维持人员健康关系的机会。这些重要的本地资源支持任务准备,并能够维持积极的心理健康。
BACKGROUND: Positive and negative affect influence an individual\'s ability to utilize available physical, psychological, and social resources to maximize responses to life events. Little research has examined the factors that influence the development of positive affect or reduction of negative affective responses among deployed military personnel. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between deployment-related stressors and symptoms of behavioral health concerns with affectivity among deployed U.S. service members.
METHODS: Participants were 1148 U.S. Air Force medical personnel deployed to Balad, Iraq, between 2004 and 2011. All participants completed self-report measures of PTSD symptoms, general military and combat exposure, stress, and affectivity. The Institutional Review Board at Wilford Hall Medical Center, the Air Force Personnel Survey Program, and the U.S. Army\'s Joint Combat Casualty Research Team reviewed and approved the study.
RESULTS: Most respondents (89%, 1,018/1,139) reported a positive military experience, but many respondents reported exposure to a potentially traumatic event during deployment. For example, seeing dead or seriously injured Americans (47%, 523/1,123) was the most common exposure reported by participants. A large portion of personnel (21%, 232/1,089) reported clinical levels of PTSD symptoms (score of 33 or higher on the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military version). Risk factors, including PTSD symptoms, combat exposure, and stress, explained 39% of the variance in negative affect, R2 = 0.39, F(1046) = 224.96, P < .001. Conversely, these risk and resilience factors, including PTSD symptoms, combat exposure, stress, and general military experiences, explained 28% of the variance in positive affect, R2 = 0.28, F(1050) = 103.79, P < .001. No significant gender differences were found between models predicting positive and negative affect.
CONCLUSIONS: Negative mood states may be partly an epiphenomenon of PTSD, which has been shown to be safely and effectively treated in the deployed environment. Social support during deployments is uniquely associated with a positive mood. These findings extend beyond the military and into any high-stress occupation wherein leaders could interpret these findings as a need to build or reinforce efforts to provide opportunities to sustain healthy relationships in personnel. These critical indigenous resources support mission readiness and enable the maintenance of positive psychological health.