■要检查是否对水烟和香烟的危害性和成瘾性的感知影响水烟和香烟的起始年龄,分别,在美国青年。青年(12-17岁)用户和从未使用过水烟和香烟的用户在他们的第一波PATH参与由每个烟草产品(TP)独立分析。使用间隔审查Cox比例风险模型估计了在第一波PATH参与中(i)危害性和(ii)成瘾性对开始使用水烟的年龄的影响。
■通过将采样权重和100个平衡重复的重复权重乘以逆概率权重(IPW),来平衡用户和从未使用过水烟的用户。IPW是基于在他们的第一波PATH参与中成为用户的概率。Fay的系数为0.3,用于方差估计。报告了粗风险比(HR)和95%置信区间(CI)。对香烟重复类似的过程。
■与将每个TP视为“很多伤害”的年轻人相比,报告认为“有些伤害”的年轻人开始使用这些烟草产品的年龄较小,水烟HR:2.53(95%CI:2.87-4.34),香烟HR:2.35(95%CI:2.10-2.62)。同样,与认为每个TP“有很多伤害”的年轻人相比,认为每个TP“没有/小伤害”的年轻人开始这些TP的年龄较早,水烟的HR:2.23(95%CI:1.82,2.71),香烟的HR:1.85(95%CI:1.72,1.98)。与那些将每个TP报告为“有点/非常有可能”作为他们对成瘾的看法的年轻人相比,青年报告“既不可能也不可能”和“非常/有些不可能”,因为他们对水烟上瘾的看法有一个更大的开始年龄,HR:0.75(95%CI:0.67-0.83)和HR:0.55(95%CI:0.47,0.63)。
■对这些烟草制品(TP)的危害性和成瘾性的认识应在针对青年的教育运动中解决,以防止早期开始吸烟和水烟。
To examine if perceptions of harmfulness and addictiveness of hookah and cigarettes impact the age of initiation of hookah and cigarettes, respectively, among US youth. Youth (12-17 years old) users and never users of hookah and cigarettes during their first wave of PATH participation were analyzed by each tobacco product (TP) independently. The effect of perceptions of (i) harmfulness and (ii) addictiveness at the first wave of PATH participation on the age of initiation of ever use of hookah was estimated using interval-censoring Cox proportional hazards models.
Users and never users of hookah at their first wave of PATH participation were balanced by multiplying the sampling weight and the 100 balance repeated replicate weights with the inverse probability weight (IPW). The IPW was based on the probability of being a user in their first wave of PATH participation. A Fay\'s factor of 0.3 was included for variance estimation. Crude hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. A similar process was repeated for cigarettes.
Compared to youth who perceived each TP as \"a lot of harm\", youth who reported perceived \"some harm\" had younger ages of initiation of these tobacco products, HR: 2.53 (95% CI: 2.87-4.34) for hookah and HR: 2.35 (95% CI: 2.10-2.62) for cigarettes. Similarly, youth who perceived each TP as \"no/little harm\" had an earlier age of initiation of these TPs compared to those who perceived them as \"a lot of harm\", with an HR: 2.23 (95% CI: 1.82, 2.71) for hookah and an HR: 1.85 (95% CI: 1.72, 1.98) for cigarettes. Compared to youth who reported each TP as \"somewhat/very likely\" as their perception of addictiveness, youth who reported \"neither likely nor unlikely\" and \"very/somewhat unlikely\" as their perception of addictiveness of hookah had an older age of initiation, with an HR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.67-0.83) and an HR: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.63) respectively.
Perceptions of the harmfulness and addictiveness of these tobacco products (TPs) should be addressed in education campaigns for youth to prevent early ages of initiation of cigarettes and hookah.