工业和城市活动是沿海系统金属污染的主要原因,经常影响生理学,海洋无脊椎动物的分布和多样性。这项研究评估了沉积物中的金属污染,海水,在南非南海岸的四个装甲系统(港口)和两个自然地点的藻类和无脊椎动物。生物积累因子,如生物沉积物(BSAF),Biowater(BWAF),还确定了无脊椎动物生物指示剂对金属的生物积累(BAF)和生物修复。观察到金属浓度的空间变化,然而,金属的生物积累是特定于地点和物种的。无脊椎动物在装甲中生物积累的金属浓度高于自然场所,滤嘴比放牧者浓度高。在过滤器进料器中,Octomerisangulosa和Crassostreagigas生物积累的高铝(Al),砷(As),铬(Cr),锌(Zn)和铜(Cu),while,Pernaperna积累了升高的镍(Ni),镉(Cd)和铅(Pb)。在放牧者中,锯缘Siphonariaserrata和Scutellastralongicosta生物累积的Al升高,Cr,Cd,钴(Co),Cu,Ni和Zn。生物积累因子表明(As,Ni,锌)是由藻类生物积累的,和无脊椎动物来自沉积物(BSAF>1)和海水(BWAF>1)。此外,无脊椎动物从猎物中生物积累金属,藻类如(BAF>1)所示。无脊椎动物中的砷Cd和Pb高于各种监管机构为人类消费设定的最大限值。我们的发现强调了沿海无脊椎动物在生物积累和生物修复金属中的重要作用,提出了改善水质的自然机制,特别是在城市化的沿海地区。
Industrial and urban activities are major contributors to metal contamination in coastal systems, often impacting the physiology, distribution and diversity of marine invertebrates. This study assessed metal contaminations in sediments, seawater, algae and invertebrates across four armoured systems (harbours) and two natural sites along the south coast of South Africa. Bioaccumulation factors such as Biosediment (BSAF), Biowater (BWAF), Bioaccumulation (BAF) and bioremediation of metals by invertebrate bioindicators were also determined. Spatial variation in metal concentrations were observed, however, bioaccumulation of metals was site and species-specific. Invertebrates bioaccumulated higher metal concentrations in armoured than natural sites, with filter feeders exhibiting higher concentrations than grazers. Among filter feeders, Octomeris angulosa and Crassostrea gigas bioaccumulated elevated aluminium (Al), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu), while, Perna perna accumulated elevated nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Among grazers, Siphonaria serrata and Scutellastra longicosta bioaccumulated elevated Al, Cr, Cd, cobalt (Co), Cu, Ni and Zn. Bioaccumulation factors indicated that (As, Ni, Zn) were bioaccumulated by algae, and invertebrates from sediment (BSAF>1) and from seawater (BWAF>1). Additionally, invertebrates bioaccumulated metals from their prey item, algae as indicated by (BAF>1). Arsenic Cd and Pb in invertebrates were above the maximum limit set for human consumption by various regulatory bodies. Our findings underscore the significant role of coastal invertebrates in bioaccumulating and bioremediating metals, suggesting a natural mechanism for water quality enhancement, especially in urbanised coastal areas.