背景:面对全球日益增长的癌症负担,人们对减轻其影响的饮食干预越来越感兴趣.临床前证据表明,限时进食(TRE),一种间歇性禁食,诱导代谢效应和肠道微生物组的改变,可能阻碍癌的发生。癌症中的TRE研究已经进展到人类研究,但是证据还没有综合。
目的:本研究的目的是系统评估TRE与随意饮食或替代饮食对癌症患者的临床和/或代谢组学影响。
方法:OvidMEDLINE,OvidEmbase,CINAHL,奥维德·科克伦中央控制试验登记册(中央),WebofScience核心合集(ESCI、CPCI-SSH、CPCI-S),截至2023年1月4日,SCOPUS使用“间歇性禁食”和“癌症”的核心概念进行了搜索。“原创研究设计,协议,并纳入临床试验注册。
方法:在评估了13900个结果后,包括24个条目,由8篇完整文章组成,2摘要,1个已发布的方案和13个试验登记处。所有数据都被提取出来,比较,并批判性地分析。
方法:患者群体存在异质性(例如,在肿瘤部位),TRE方案(例如,限制程度,持续时间),和临床终点。观察到高的TRE依附性(67-98%),同时提高生活质量。四篇文章评估了癌症标志物,发现肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原减少,降低复发率,和持续的主要分子反应,在TRE之后。五篇文章展示了改良的癌症危险因素,包括对体重指数的有益影响,肥胖,葡萄糖调节,在短短8周内出现炎症。完成的研究都没有评估TRE对微生物组的影响,但对微生物组的分析是两项临床试验的计划结果。
结论:初步研究结果表明,癌症患者可以接受TRE,可能有肿瘤的好处,提高了生活质量。
背景:PROSPERO注册号.CRD42023386885。
BACKGROUND: In the face of the growing global burden of cancer, there is increasing interest in dietary interventions to mitigate its impacts. Pre-clinical evidence suggests that time-restricted eating (TRE), a type of intermittent fasting, induces metabolic effects and alterations in the gut microbiome that may impede carcinogenesis. Research on TRE in cancer has progressed to human studies, but the evidence has yet to be synthesized.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the clinical and/or metabolomic effects of TRE compared with ad libitum eating or alternative diets in people with cancer.
METHODS: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Control Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science Core Collection (ESCI, CPCI-SSH, CPCI-S), and SCOPUS were searched up to January 4, 2023, using the core concepts of \"intermittent fasting\" and \"cancer.\" Original study designs, protocols, and clinical trial registries were included.
METHODS: After evaluating 13 900 results, 24 entries were included, consisting of 8 full articles, 2 abstracts, 1 published protocol and 13 trial registries. All data were extracted, compared, and critically analyzed.
METHODS: There was heterogeneity in the patient population (eg, in tumor sites), TRE regimens (eg, degree of restriction, duration), and clinical end points. A high rate (67-98%) of TRE adherence was observed, alongside improvements in quality of life. Four articles assessed cancer markers and found a reduction in tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen, reduced rates of recurrence, and a sustained major molecular response, following TRE. Five articles demonstrated modified cancer risk factors, including beneficial effects on body mass index, adiposity, glucoregulation, and inflammation in as short a period as 8 weeks. None of the completed studies assessed the effect of TRE on the microbiome, but analysis of the microbiome is a planned outcome in 2 clinical trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary findings suggest that TRE is feasible and acceptable by people with cancer, may have oncological benefits, and improves quality of life.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023386885.