背景:产前暴露于全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)影响神经发育。甲状腺稳态破坏被认为是可能的潜在机制。然而,目前的流行病学证据仍然没有定论。
目的:本研究旨在探讨产前PFAS暴露对学龄儿童智商的影响,并评估胎儿甲状腺功能的潜在中介作用。
方法:该研究包括射阳迷你出生队列研究(SMBCS)的327名7岁儿童。分析脐带血清样品的12个PFAS浓度和5个甲状腺激素(TH)水平。智商使用韦克斯勒儿童智力量表-中国修订版(WISC-CR)进行评估。使用广义线性模型(GLM)和贝叶斯内核机器回归(BKMR)评估产前PFAS暴露对智商的个体和综合影响。此外,使用GLM检查对胎儿甲状腺功能的影响,并进行了中介分析,以探讨该功能的潜在中介作用。
结果:脐带血清中全氟羧酸的摩尔总和浓度(ΣPFCA)与7岁儿童的表现IQ(PIQ)显着负相关(β=-6.21,95%置信区间[CI]:-12.21,-0.21),与男孩相比,女孩之间的关联更为明显(β=-9.57,95%CI:-18.33,-0.81)。Negative,尽管不重要,当考虑PFAS混合物暴露时,注意到累积效应。产前暴露于全氟辛酸,全氟壬酸,全氟辛烷磺酸与总甲状腺素/三碘甲状腺原氨酸比值呈正相关。然而,没有证据支持甲状腺功能在PFAS暴露与IQ之间的关系中的中介作用.
结论:产前暴露于PFAS的增加会对学龄儿童的智商产生负面影响,而胎儿甲状腺功能并不作为这种关系的介质。
BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) influences neurodevelopment. Thyroid homeostasis disruption is thought to be a possible underlying mechanism. However, current epidemiological evidence remains inconclusive.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effects of prenatal PFAS exposure on the intelligence quotient (IQ) of school-aged children and assess the potential mediating role of fetal thyroid function.
METHODS: The study included 327 7-year-old children from the Sheyang Mini Birth Cohort Study (SMBCS). Cord serum samples were analyzed for 12 PFAS concentrations and 5 thyroid hormone (TH) levels. IQ was assessed using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Revised (WISC-CR). Generalized linear models (GLM) and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) were used to evaluate the individual and combined effects of prenatal PFAS exposure on IQ. Additionally, the impact on fetal thyroid function was examined using a GLM, and a mediation analysis was conducted to explore the potential mediating roles of this function.
RESULTS: The molar sum concentration of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (ΣPFCA) in cord serum was significantly negatively associated with the performance IQ (PIQ) of 7-year-old children (β = -6.21, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -12.21, -0.21), with more pronounced associations observed among girls (β = -9.57, 95 % CI: -18.33, -0.81) than in boys. Negative, albeit non-significant, cumulative effects were noted when considering PFAS mixture exposure. Prenatal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorononanoic acid, and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid was positively associated with the total thyroxine/triiodothyronine ratio. However, no evidence supported the mediating role of thyroid function in the link between PFAS exposure and IQ.
CONCLUSIONS: Increased prenatal exposure to PFASs negatively affected the IQ of school-aged children, whereas fetal thyroid function did not serve as a mediator in this relationship.