目标:有移民和难民背景的儿童可能由于获得和接受疫苗的障碍而经历免疫接种不平等。在Aotearoa新西兰(NZ),国家报告可以掩盖移民背景在覆盖范围上的不平等。这项研究探讨了有移民和难民背景的儿童对儿科COVID-19疫苗的摄取。
方法:这项人群水平的回顾性队列研究比较了截至2022年1月5至11岁的移民和非移民儿童中儿童COVID-19疫苗摄取率和决定因素。使用了新西兰统计局综合数据基础设施中可用的关联的去识别的行政和健康数据,进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归以确定相关性。
结果:在总研究人群中(N=451,323),3.5%是海外出生的移民子女,31.3%是新西兰出生的流动儿童,新西兰出生的非流动儿童占65.3%。只有50.8%的儿童(451,323人中有229,164人)接受了至少一次剂量。与非流动儿童相比,流动儿童更有可能接种COVID-19疫苗。Logistic模型显示,所有因素,包括种族,性别,年龄,家庭类型,家庭收入,剥夺,区域,父母COVID-19疫苗接种状况,和儿童以前的COVID-19感染,显著影响COVID-19疫苗的摄取。最大的影响因素是父母的COVID-19疫苗接种状况。
结论:研究结果表明,新西兰的儿科COVID-19疫苗接种计划能够解决移民和难民中常见的后勤和动机障碍。
结论:由于父母的疫苗接种状况是为自己的孩子接种疫苗的重要因素,需要不断的努力来支持自信的父母COVID-19疫苗决策。为了解决社会不平等,建议与边缘化社区共同设计量身定制的本地化方法。
OBJECTIVE: Children with migrant and refugee backgrounds may experience immunisation inequities due to barriers to accessing and accepting vaccines. In Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ), national reporting can mask inequities in coverage by migration background. This study explored paediatric COVID-19 vaccine uptake among children with migrant and refugee backgrounds.
METHODS: This population-level retrospective cohort study compared rates and determinants of paediatric COVID-19 vaccine uptake as of July 2022 amongst migrant and non-migrant children who were aged between 5 and 11 years as of January 2022. Linked de-identified administrative and health data available in Statistics NZ\'s Integrated Data Infrastructure were used, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression were conducted to determine associations.
RESULTS: Of the total study population (N = 451,323), 3.5% were overseas-born migrant children, 31.3% were NZ-born migrant children, and 65.3% were NZ-born non-migrant children. Only 50.8% (229,164 out of 451,323) of children had received at least one dose. Migrant children were significantly more likely to have received a COVID-19 vaccination than non-migrant children. Logistic modelling revealed that all factors, including ethnicity, gender, age, family type, household income, deprivation, region, parent COVID-19 vaccination status, and child\'s previous COVID-19 infection, significantly influenced COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The largest contributing factor was parents\' COVID-19 vaccination status.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that NZ\'s paediatric COVID-19 vaccination programme was able to address logistical and motivational barriers commonly identified amongst migrants and refugees.
CONCLUSIONS: As parents\' vaccination status is an important factor in vaccinating their own children, continuous efforts are needed to support confident parental COVID-19 vaccine decision-making. To address social inequities, engagement with marginalised communities to co-design tailored and localised approaches is recommended.