结直肠癌,全球第三大流行的癌症,对死亡率有很大的贡献,每年报告的病例超过190万例,死亡人数近93.5万人。手术切除是局部结直肠肿瘤的主要方法,辅助治疗如化疗,放射治疗,以及根据肿瘤分期考虑的靶向/免疫疗法。然而,尽管手术后对靶向和免疫疗法的偏好,化疗由于其成本较低和癌症杀伤效率高,仍然是人们普遍选择的化疗。然而,化疗面临着肿瘤耐药和严重副作用等问题。纳米技术通过减轻当前治疗方法的缺点而出现在癌症治疗中。在过去的几十年里,无机纳米颗粒在对抗结直肠癌方面表现出了希望,提供优于常规化疗的优势。与有机纳米粒子相比,无机纳米粒子表现出光敏性,电导率,磁性诱惑,和热熟练,允许它们作为药物载体和治疗剂。主要来自碳,二氧化硅,金属,和金属氧化物,它们提供卓越的药物装载能力,提高量子产率,并参与先进的光热和光动力疗法。这篇综述简要概述了结直肠癌的病理生理学以及无机纳米粒子在光热治疗光动力治疗中的关键作用。和药物输送。此外,它根据最近的文献讨论了许多无机纳米粒子在结直肠癌治疗中的应用。
Colorectal cancer, the third most prevalent cancer globally, contributes significantly to mortality rates, with over 1.9 million reported cases and nearly 935,000 fatalities annually. Surgical resection is a primary approach for localized colorectal tumors, with adjunct therapies like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted/immunotherapy considered depending on the tumor stage. However, despite preferences for targeted and immunotherapy post-surgery, chemotherapy remains commonly chosen due to its lower cost and high cancer-killing efficiency. Yet, chemotherapy faces issues such as tumor resistance and severe side effects. Nanotechnology has emerged in cancer therapy by alleviating the drawbacks of current treatment approaches. In the past few decades, inorganic nanoparticles have shown promise in combating colorectal cancer, offering advantages over conventional chemotherapy. Compared to organic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles exhibit properties like photosensitivity, conductivity, magnetic allure, and thermal proficiency, allowing them to function as both drug carriers and therapeutic agents. Derived primarily from carbon, silica, metals, and metal oxides, they offer superior drug-loading capacity, heightened quantum yield, and participation in advanced photothermal and photodynamic therapies. This review provides a brief overview of the pathophysiology of colorectal cancer and the pivotal role of inorganic nanoparticles in photothermal therapy photodynamic therapy, and drug delivery. Additionally, it discusses numerous inorganic nanoparticles in colorectal cancer therapy based on recent literature.