背景:安达卢西亚青少年的大麻使用量正在增加,造成健康,社会和金融问题。学校护士访问学校,并为安达卢西亚的青少年提供健康促进。为了更好地量身定做健康促进方案,了解与安达卢西亚青少年使用大麻相关的社会人口统计学和动机因素非常重要.
方法:在这项横断面研究中,安达卢西亚中学的369名学生(15-18岁)参与其中。在上课时间自行进行了基于I-Change模型的匿名问卷。在社会人口统计学和动机因素方面,将大麻使用者与非大麻使用者进行了比较。应急表,均值比较测试,并进行了logistic回归分析。
结果:去年使用大麻的患病率为21.6%。非大麻使用者对使用大麻有一些积极的信念(例如放松或医疗福利的能力),以及用户。用户认识到使用大麻的一些缺点,但淡化了它们的重要性,并提到了更多的优点。此外,社会影响力,尤其是同龄人,在大麻使用中起着至关重要的作用。特定的社会情况和情绪似乎是使用大麻的特殊风险因素,比如参加庆祝活动或感觉良好。回归分析结果显示,大麻的使用主要与年龄有关,家庭功能低,家庭富裕程度低,高额的零用钱,察觉到使用大麻的缺点很少,大量使用大麻的社会模型,社会规范和压力有利于大麻,自我效能低,抵制使用大麻和使用大麻的积极意图。
结论:根据我们的结果,由护士领导的预防计划可以针对预防大麻使用的重要因素进行调整,重点概述使用大麻的缺点,感觉良好时使用大麻的替代品,建议增加健康的社会影响和增强自我效能以抵制使用大麻的诱惑。
结论:护士需要了解与青少年使用大麻相关的社会人口统计学因素和动机,以便在学校建立有效的预防干预措施。
Cannabis use is increasing among Andalusian adolescents, causing health, social and financial problems. School nurses visit schools and provide health promotion to adolescents in Andalusia. In order to better tailor health promotion programs, it is important to understand the sociodemographic and motivational factors related to cannabis use in Andalusian adolescents.
In this cross-sectional study, 369 students (aged 15-18 years) from secondary schools in Andalusia were involved. An anonymous questionnaire based on the I-Change Model was self-administered during school hours. Cannabis users were compared with non-cannabis users regarding sociodemographic and motivational factors. Contingency tables, mean comparison tests, and logistic regression analyses were conducted.
The prevalence of cannabis use in the last year was 21.6%. Non-cannabis users had a few positive beliefs toward cannabis use (e.g. the ability to relax or medical benefits), as well as users. Users recognized some disadvantages of cannabis use but played down their importance and mentioned more advantages. Moreover, social influence, especially from peers, plays a critical role in cannabis use. Specific social situations and moods seemed to be special risk factors for cannabis use, such as being at a celebration or feeling good. Results of regression analysis showed that cannabis use is mainly associated with age, low family function, low family affluence, high pocket money, perceiving few disadvantages of cannabis use, much social modeling of cannabis use, social norm and pressure favoring cannabis, low self-efficacy to resist using cannabis and positive intentions to use cannabis.
Based on our results, prevention programmes lead by nurses can be tailored to the factors important to prevent cannabis use, focusing on outlining the disadvantages of cannabis use, alternatives for using cannabis when feeling good, increasing salience of healthy social influences and reinforcing self-efficacy to resist temptations to use cannabis are recommended.
Nurses need to know the sociodemographic factors and motivations associated with the use of cannabis in adolescents in order to establish effective preventive interventions at school.