背景:随着工业化和城市化的进展,农田镉(Cd)污染日益严重,极大地影响人类健康。向日葵对Cd胁迫具有很高的抗性,在Cd污染土壤的植物修复中具有巨大的潜力。先前的研究表明,腐殖酸(HA)有效地减轻了Cd对植物的伤害;然而,其对Cd胁迫下向日葵植物的缓解作用尚不清楚。
结果:我们通过叶面施用使用了四种不同浓度的HA(50、100、200和300mgL-1),以检查它们减轻Cd胁迫对向日葵植物生长的能力,叶绿素合成,和生化防御系统。结果表明,Cd胁迫不仅降低了株高,阀杆直径,新鲜和干重,和向日葵植物中的叶绿素含量,但与对照组相比,它们的叶绿素荧光特性也发生了变化。Cd胁迫后,光合结构被破坏,每单位PSII反应中心的数量发生变化。施用200mgL-1HA促进向日葵生长并增加叶绿素含量。HA显著增强抗氧化酶活性(SOD,POD,CAT,和APX)并降低ROS含量(O2-,H2O2和-OH)。完全正确,施用200mgL-1HA对缓解向日葵植物Cd诱导的胁迫效果最好。
结论:叶面施用一定浓度的HA对向日葵植物表现出最有效的缓解Cd诱导的胁迫。它可以增强光能利用率和抗氧化酶活性,同时降低向日葵植物中的ROS含量。这些发现为利用HA缓解向日葵Cd胁迫提供了理论依据。
BACKGROUND: With the progress of industrialization and urbanization, cadmium (Cd) pollution in farmland is increasingly severe, greatly affecting human health. Sunflowers possess high resistance to Cd stress and great potential for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. Previous studies have shown that humic acid (HA) effectively mitigates plant damage induced by Cd; however, its alleviating effects on sunflower plants under Cd stress remain largely unknown.
RESULTS: We employed four different concentrations of HA (50, 100, 200, and 300 mg L-1) via foliar application to examine their ability to alleviate Cd stress on sunflower plants\' growth, chlorophyll synthesis, and biochemical defense system. The results revealed that Cd stress not only reduced plant height, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll content in sunflower plants but also altered their chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics compared to the control group. After Cd stress, the photosynthetic structure was damaged and the number of PSII reactive centers per unit changed. Application of 200 mg L-1 HA promotes sunflower growth and increases chlorophyll content. HA significantly enhances antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) and reduces ROS content (O2 -, H2O2 and -OH). Totally, Application of 200 mg L-1 HA had the best effect than other concentrations to alleviate the Cd-induced stress in sunflower plants.
CONCLUSIONS: The foliar application of certain HA concentration exhibited the most effective alleviation of Cd-induced stress on sunflower plants. It can enhance the light energy utilization and antioxidant enzyme activities, while reduce ROS contents in sunflower plants. These findings provide a theoretical basis for using HA to mitigate Cd stress in sunflowers.