尽管对水中重金属的健康风险进行了零星和不规则的研究,鱼,孟加拉湾沿海地区的土壤,尚未采用化学计量学方法来全面评估人类健康风险。这篇综述旨在采用化学计量学分析来评估金属(类)的长期时空健康风险,例如,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cd,As,Cr,Pb,Cu,和镍在沿海水域,鱼,和土壤从2003年到2023年。在沿海地区,关于金属(loid)的研究在东南部分布了40%,28%在中南部,西南地区为32%。东南地区表现出最高的污染水平,主要是由于锌含量升高(水中锰为156.8至147.2毫克/升,鱼的铜含量为15.3至13.2mg/kg,土壤中Ni为50.6至46.4mg/kg),除了中南部地区的一些地点。与摄入铁相关的健康风险,As,和Cd(水),Ni,Cr,和Pb(鱼),还有Cd,Cr,并确定了Pb(土壤),非致癌风险仅通过这一途径存在。此外,As,Cr,在东南地区,Ni和Ni通过摄入对成人和儿童构成癌症风险。总体非致癌风险强调儿童的风险明显高于成人。有六个,two-,摄入水会给健康带来六倍的风险,鱼,和东南沿海的土壤。该研究提供了创新的可持续管理策略和补救政策,旨在减少孟加拉国沿海各种环境介质中的金属(loid)污染。
Despite sporadic and irregular studies on heavy metal(loid)s health risks in water, fish, and soil in the coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal, no chemometric approaches have been applied to assess the human health risks comprehensively. This review aims to employ chemometric analysis to evaluate the long-term spatiotemporal health risks of metal(loid)s e.g., Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, As, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Ni in coastal water, fish, and soils from 2003 to 2023. Across coastal parts, studies on metal(loid)s were distributed with 40% in the southeast, 28% in the south-central, and 32% in the southwest regions. The southeastern area exhibited the highest contamination levels, primarily due to elevated Zn content (156.8 to 147.2 mg/L for Mn in water, 15.3 to 13.2 mg/kg for Cu in fish, and 50.6 to 46.4 mg/kg for Ni in soil), except for a few sites in the south-central region. Health risks associated with the ingestion of Fe, As, and Cd (water), Ni, Cr, and Pb (fish), and Cd, Cr, and Pb (soil) were identified, with non-carcinogenic risks existing exclusively through this route. Moreover, As, Cr, and Ni pose cancer risks for adults and children via ingestion in the southeastern region. Overall non-carcinogenic risks emphasized a significantly higher risk for children compared to adults, with six, two-, and six-times higher health risks through ingestion of water, fish, and soils along the southeastern coast. The study offers innovative sustainable management strategies and remediation policies aimed at reducing metal(loid)s contamination in various environmental media along coastal Bangladesh.