背景:眼动追踪技术可用于研究团队合作过程中的人为因素。
目的:这项工作旨在比较作为团队领导和管理气道的团队成员的视觉注意力(VA),与团队成员在有专门的团队领导的情况下执行专注的气道管理任务相比。这项工作还旨在报告团队绩效的差异,行为技能,以及使用经过验证的工具在两组之间的工作量。
方法:我们进行了基于模拟的,试点随机对照研究。参与者包括儿科志愿者,执业护士,新生儿护士。组成了由四名团队成员组成的三个团队。每个小组以随机顺序参加两个相同的新生儿复苏模拟方案,一次有,一次没有团队领导。使用市售的眼睛跟踪设备,我们分析了VA对(1)人体模型的关注,(2)同事,(3)监视器。在两次模拟中,只有作为气道操作员的受训者才会戴上眼动眼镜。
结果:总计,分析了6种模拟情景和24种个人角色分配。没有团队领导能力的参与者对人体模型和监视器的总关注更多,虽然这并不重要。团队绩效没有显着差异,行为技能,和个人工作量。据报道,没有团队负责人的参与者对身体的需求明显更高。在汇报期间,所有团队都表示希望有一个敬业的团队领导。
结论:在我们使用低成本技术的试点研究中,我们无法在团队负责人在场的情况下证明VA的差异。
BACKGROUND: Eye-tracking technology could be used to study human factors during teamwork.
OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to compare the visual attention (VA) of a team member acting as both a team leader and managing the airway, compared to a team member performing the focused task of managing the airway in the presence of a dedicated team leader. This work also aimed to report differences in team performance, behavioural skills, and workload between the two groups using validated tools.
METHODS: We conducted a simulation-based, pilot randomised controlled study. The participants included were volunteer paediatric trainees, nurse practitioners, and neonatal nurses. Three teams consisting of four team members were formed. Each team participated in two identical neonatal resuscitation simulation scenarios in a random order, once with and once without a team leader. Using a commercially available eye-tracking device, we analysed VA regarding attention to (1) a manikin, (2) a colleague, and (3) a monitor. Only the trainee who was the airway operator would wear eye-tracking glasses in both simulations.
RESULTS: In total, 6 simulation scenarios and 24 individual role allocations were analysed. Participants in a no-team-leader capacity had a greater number of total fixations on manikin and monitors, though this was not significant. There were no significant differences in team performance, behavioural skills, and individual workload. Physical demand was reported as significantly higher by participants in the group without a team leader. During debriefing, all the teams expressed their preference for having a dedicated team leader.
CONCLUSIONS: In our pilot study using low-cost technology, we could not demonstrate the difference in VA with the presence of a team leader.