高收入国家的学生护士越来越多地利用在低收入和中等收入国家进行国际临床实习的机会,作为其预注册研究的一部分。
■这篇综述旨在识别和评估现有的研究,探讨低收入和中等收入国家的当地人对在其地区进行的国际临床实习的看法。这包括一系列当地利益相关者,如临床医生(包括助产士,护士,医师,药剂师,和学者),医疗保健学生(来自任何学科),病人,看护者,和社区成员。考虑到有限的研究专门针对接触护理学生的本地个人,我们试图回顾更广泛的研究,探索低收入和中等收入国家的当地人的看法,他们接触过任何类型的旅行预注册医疗保健学生。这篇综述的目的是评估现有研究文献的规模和范围,确定研究重点,并提供与所有国际临床安置相关的可推广的发现,包括护理专业的学生。
■电子数据库用于搜索先前研究的已发表结果,包括PubMed,Embase,WebofScience,CINAHL,MedlineOvid,还有Cochrane图书馆.筛选过程后,纳入了13篇同行评审的文章。使用主题综合分析了原始研究的结果。
■确定的主题包括学习(带有旅行学生向当地人学习的子主题,当地人向旅行学生学习,和优化学习),声望,旅行的学生行为,和资源使用(具有增强资源的子主题,通过伙伴关系工作消耗资源和改进)。虽然发现了国际临床实习的挑战和缺点,在平衡中,所有研究中的当地人都对接待旅行学生持积极态度,并渴望这种情况继续下去。
这项工作发现,目前探索国际临床实习观念的研究机构主要集中在接触过旅行医学生的当地临床医生身上。确定的一些主题可能适用于所有类型的国际临床实习的所有利益相关者。其中包括对互惠的核心关切,以及希望国际安置对所有有关方面都有利的愿望,而不仅仅是旅行的学生。然而,需要进一步的研究来了解其他类型的布局,比如护理实习,被其他当地人查看(例如,患者)。
UNASSIGNED: Student nurses in high-income countries are increasingly taking opportunities to undertake international clinical placements in low- and middle-income countries as part of their pre-registration studies.
UNASSIGNED: This review aimed to identify and evaluate existing research explores what local people in low- and middle-income countries think of international clinical placements taking place in their localities. This includes a range of local stakeholders, such as clinicians (including midwives, nurses, physicians, pharmacists, and academics), healthcare students (from any discipline), patients, carers, and community members. Considering the limited research focused specifically on local individuals exposed to nursing students, we sought to review the wider research exploring the perceptions of local people in low- and middle-income countries who have been exposed to any type of travelling pre-registration healthcare students. The aim of this review was to assess the size and scope of available research literature, establish research priorities, and provide generalizable findings relevant to all international clinical placements, including those undertaken by nursing students.
UNASSIGNED: Electronic databases were used to search for published results of previous research, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Medline Ovid, and the Cochrane Library. Thirteen peer-reviewed articles were included after the screening process. The results of the original studies were analysed using a thematic synthesis.
UNASSIGNED: Themes identified included learning (with subthemes of travelling students learning from local people, local people learning from travelling students, and optimising learning), prestige, travelling student behaviour, and resource use (with subthemes of enhancing resources, draining resources and improvements via partnership working). Whilst challenges and drawbacks of international clinical placements were identified, on balance, local people across all the studies were positive about receiving travelling students and keen for this to continue.
UNASSIGNED: This work has found that the current body of research exploring perceptions of international clinical placements was heavily focused on local clinicians who have been exposed to travelling medical students. Some of the themes identified may be generalisable to all stakeholders of all types of international clinical placements. These include the central concern regarding reciprocity and the desire that international placements should be beneficial for all involved, rather than solely the travelling student. However, further research is required to understand how other types of placements, such as nursing placements, are viewed by other local people (e.g., patients).