2019年底以来,严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)疫情引发肺炎疫情,在236个国家构成了重大的公共卫生挑战,属地,和世界各地的地区。临床上,除了肺部感染的症状,许多SARS-CoV-2感染的患者,尤其是那些患有严重疾病的人,最终发展为多器官衰竭,其中肾功能损害是常见的,最终导致严重的后果,如增加死亡率和发病率。迄今为止,三种冠状病毒引发了全球重大公共卫生安全事件:严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV),中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)和SARS-CoV-2.在由冠状病毒引起的疾病中,2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是最具影响力和危害性的。类似于SARS-CoV-2感染,先前的研究表明,肾损伤在另外两种高致病性冠状病毒患者中也很常见和突出。因此,在这次审查中,我们旨在全面总结这三种大流行级别感染的流行病学和临床特征,对COVID-19在各种类型的肾脏疾病中的潜在机制进行深入分析,并探讨SARS-CoV-2继发肾脏疾病的病因,为进一步研究和临床预防冠状病毒引起的肾脏损害提供参考。
Since the end of 2019, the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered a pneumonia epidemic, posing a significant public health challenge in 236 countries, territories, and regions worldwide. Clinically, in addition to the symptoms of pulmonary infection, many patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections, especially those with a critical illness, eventually develop multiple organ failure in which damage to the kidney function is common, ultimately leading to severe consequences such as increased mortality and morbidity. To date, three coronaviruses have set off major global public health security incidents: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2. Among the diseases caused by the coronaviruses, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most impactful and harmful. Similar to with SARS-CoV-2 infections, previous studies have shown that kidney injury is also common and prominent in patients with the two other highly pathogenic coronaviruses. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to comprehensively summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of these three pandemic-level infections, provide a deep analysis of the potential mechanism of COVID-19 in various types of kidney diseases, and explore the causes of secondary kidney diseases of SARS-CoV-2, so as to provide a reference for further research and the clinical prevention of kidney damage caused by coronaviruses.