解释头颈部癌症患者的治疗后影像学表现可能会带来重大挑战。这个地区的恶性肿瘤通常通过手术治疗,放射治疗,化疗,和免疫疗法等新方法。治疗后,患者可能会经历各种预期的变化,包括粘膜炎,软组织炎症,喉水肿,和唾液腺炎症。成像技术,如CT,MRI,PET扫描有助于将这些变化与肿瘤复发区分开来。骨坏死等并发症,放射性软骨坏死,辐射引起的血管病变可能是由于辐射效应引起的。辐射诱发的恶性肿瘤可能在延迟设置中发生。这篇综述文章强调了治疗后监测成像的重要性,以确保头颈部癌症患者的适当护理,并强调了区分预期治疗效果和潜在并发症的复杂性。关键词:CT,MR成像,放射治疗,耳/鼻/喉,头部/颈部,神经-外周,骨髓,颅骨,颈动脉,下巴,脸,Larynx©RSNA,2024.
Interpretation of posttreatment imaging findings in patients with head and neck cancer can pose a substantial challenge. Malignancies in this region are often managed through surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and newer approaches like immunotherapy. After treatment, patients may experience various expected changes, including mucositis, soft-tissue inflammation, laryngeal edema, and salivary gland inflammation. Imaging techniques such as CT, MRI, and PET scans help differentiate these changes from tumor recurrence. Complications such as osteoradionecrosis, chondroradionecrosis, and radiation-induced vasculopathy can arise because of radiation effects. Radiation-induced malignancies may occur in the delayed setting. This review article emphasizes the importance of posttreatment surveillance imaging to ensure proper care of patients with head and neck cancer and highlights the complexities in distinguishing between expected treatment effects and potential complications. Keywords: CT, MR Imaging, Radiation Therapy, Ear/Nose/Throat, Head/Neck, Nervous-Peripheral, Bone Marrow, Calvarium, Carotid Arteries, Jaw, Face, Larynx © RSNA, 2024.