微藻微生物对宿主的生长和健康起着至关重要的作用,然而,它们的组成和功能只保持部分特征,尤其是整个微藻门。在这项研究中,一个天然的海水微生物组被引入三个不同的,微藻类的生殖物种,haptophyteIsochrysisgalbana,绿生植物SuecicaTetraselmissuecica,和硅藻Conticribraweissflogii(以前为Thalassiosira),在49天内使用16SrRNA扩增子和宏基因组分析监测其在恒定光照下的发散和组装。微生物在分类组成和潜在功能方面具有高度的宿主特异性,包括CAZymes简介。红杆菌科和黄杆菌科在所有微藻宿主中都很丰富,但是I.galbana微生物群与T.suecica和C.weissflogii微生物群更加不同。I.galbana微生物组的黄杆菌科的相对丰度要高得多,而其他两个藻类微生物组则具有较高的红杆菌科相对丰度。这可能是由于I.galbana的细菌混合营养性质影响了微生物组可用的碳水化合物组成,这得到了I.galbana微生物群的CAZymes概况的支持,这些微生物群与Suecica和C.weissflogii微生物群的差异更大。最后,反硝化和其他厌氧途径的存在仅在C.weissflogii的微生物群中发现,我们推测这可能是实验过程中这种硅藻形成的聚集体中缺氧微环境形成的结果。这些结果强调了微藻宿主物种对微生物组组成和功能概况以及其他因素的重要作用。例如微藻宿主的营养模式。
目标:作为海洋的主要初级生产者,微藻是生态系统的基石。此外,它们越来越多地用于生物技术目的,如生产营养食品,颜料,和抗氧化剂。由于微藻的细菌微生物群会以有益和有害的方式影响其宿主,了解这些微生物对微藻的生态和应用作用至关重要。本研究推进了对微藻微生物组组装的理解,composition,和整个微藻门的功能,这可以为用于生物技术目的的微藻微生物组的建模和工程提供信息。
Microalgal microbiomes play vital roles in the growth and health of their host, however, their composition and functions remain only partially characterized, especially across microalgal phyla. In this study, a natural seawater microbiome was introduced to three distinct, axenic species of microalgae, the haptophyte Isochrysis galbana, the chlorophyte Tetraselmis suecica, and the diatom Conticribra weissflogii (previously Thalassiosira), and its divergence and assembly under constant illumination was monitored over 49 days using 16S rRNA amplicon and metagenomic analyses. The microbiomes had a high degree of host specificity in terms of taxonomic composition and potential functions, including CAZymes profiles. Rhodobacteraceae and Flavobacteriaceae families were abundant across all microalgal hosts, but I. galbana microbiomes diverged further from T. suecica and C. weissflogii microbiomes. I. galbana microbiomes had a much higher relative abundance of Flavobacteriaceae, whereas the two other algal microbiomes had higher relative abundances of Rhodobacteraceae. This could be due to the bacterivorous mixotrophic nature of I. galbana affecting the carbohydrate composition available to the microbiomes, which was supported by the CAZymes profile of I. galbana microbiomes diverging further from those of T. suecica and C. weissflogii microbiomes. Finally, the presence of denitrification and other anaerobic pathways was found exclusively in the microbiomes of C. weissflogii, which we speculate could be a result of anoxic microenvironments forming in aggregates formed by this diatom during the experiment. These results underline the significant role of the microalgal host species on microbiome composition and functional profiles along with other factors, such as the trophic mode of the microalgal host.
OBJECTIVE: As the main primary producers of the oceans, microalgae serve as cornerstones of the ecosystems they are part of. Additionally, they are increasingly used for biotechnological purposes such as the production of nutraceuticals, pigments, and antioxidants. Since the bacterial microbiomes of microalgae can affect their hosts in beneficial and detrimental ways, understanding these microbiomes is crucial to both the ecological and applied roles of microalgae. The present study advances the understanding of microalgal microbiome assembly, composition, and functionality across microalgal phyla, which may inform the modeling and engineering of microalgal microbiomes for biotechnological purposes.