断奶仔猪,不成熟,需要谨慎处理以减轻断奶后的压力,以避免免疫抑制和使用抗微生物剂减轻由于管理不善而引起的疾病暴发的影响。这项工作的目的是设计一个快速扫描计算器或断奶仔猪管理的多标准评价模型,建立在10个关键指标上,涵盖基于卫生措施和设施和动物管理的断奶后管理方面。这些包括断奶前处理,批量管理,生物安全,水管理,饲料管理,健康计划,库存培训,温度,通风,以及地板条件和密度,以将处理和卫生习惯与农场性能和兽药的消费联系起来。每个指数的最高分是十,评估来自构成每个指标的不同管理因素(每个指标评估了3到8个因素)。他们的累积分数反映了农场管理的适当程度。因此,一个管理完善的农场将获得100分。计算器在23个集约化养殖场进行了测试,这些养殖场的母猪总数接近1.6万头,断奶仔猪超过40万头,揭示了地板条件和密度(10分中的8.03)以及断奶前处理和健康计划(分别为6.87和6.28)的最高平均得分。相反,最低分数对应于温度,通风,水管理,和库存培训(分别为4.08、4.32、4.81和4.93)。被评估的农场的全球平均得分为56.12(从37.65到76.76)。计算器的全球得分与关键断奶后生产力和仔猪健康指标相关,如饲料转化率,死亡率,和仔猪生产成本,r值分别为-0.442、-0.437和-0.435(p<0.05)。此外,它与每只仔猪的用药费用呈负相关(r=-0.414;p<0.05),与年农场生产率呈正相关(r=0.592;p<0.01)。加强管理,卫生,和预防,农场应优先处理得分最低的指数,从而减少药物消耗,提高生产力和健康结果。此外,这个快速扫描计算器可用于基准测试。
Weaned piglets, being immature, demand careful
handling to mitigate post-weaning stress in order to avoid immunosuppression and the use of antimicrobials to palliate the effects of disease outbreaks due to poor management. The objective of this work is to design a quick scan calculator or multi-criteria evaluation model of management for weaned piglets, founded on 10 critical indices covering post-weaning management aspects based on hygienic measures and management of facilities and animals. These include pre-weaning
handling, batch management, biosecurity, water management, feed management, health program, stockmen training, temperature, ventilation, and floor conditions and density to relate
handling and hygiene practices with farm performance and the consumption of veterinary medication. Each index carries a maximum score of ten, with evaluations derived from different management factors that make up each index (from three to eight factors were evaluated per index). Their cumulative score reflects the degree of adequacy of on-farm management. Therefore, a perfectly managed farm would achieve 100 points. The calculator underwent testing on 23 intensive farms with a total population of close to 16,000 sows and more than 400,000 weaned piglets, revealing the highest mean scores in floor conditions and density (8.03 out of 10) and pre-weaning
handling and health programs (6.87 and 6.28, respectively). Conversely, the lowest scores corresponded to temperature, ventilation, water management, and stockmen training (4.08, 4.32, 4.81, and 4.93, respectively). The assessed farms averaged a global score of 56.12 out of 100 (from 37.65 to 76.76). The calculator\'s global score correlated with key post-weaning productivity and piglet health indicators, such as the feed conversion ratio, mortality rate, and piglet production cost, with r values of -0.442, -0.437, and -0.435, respectively (p < 0.05). Additionally, it negatively correlated with medication costs per piglet (r = -0.414; p < 0.05) and positively with annual farm productivity (r = 0.592; p < 0.01). To enhance management, hygiene, and prevention, farms should prioritize addressing indices with the lowest scores, thereby reducing medication consumption and enhancing productivity and health outcomes. Additionally, this quick scan calculator can be used for benchmarking purposes.