■本研究旨在评估支气管肺泡灌洗(BAL)治疗小气道疾病儿童的疗效。
■儿童[n=112;男孩:76,女孩:36(比例2.1:1);年龄范围:1个月-10岁;中位年龄:12个月]通过高分辨率计算机断层扫描(HRCT)诊断为小气道疾病。将患者分为BAL组(BAL和常规治疗)或对照组(仅常规治疗)。咳嗽的持续时间,发烧,喘息,住院时间,入院前的病程,治疗费用,HRCT恢复时间,比较两组再住院率。
■BAL组患者入院前的中位病程长于对照组(p=0.006)。BAL组的咳嗽和喘息持续时间明显长于对照组(分别为p=0.012和p=0.001)。咳嗽的恢复时间,再住院率,BAL组的总支出低于对照组(分别为p=0.027,p=0.026和p=0.000)。出院后2个月,发现BAL组患者的小气道病变被吸收的比例为86.2%,而不是对照组患者占64.1%。出院后6个月,BAL组3.4%的患者病灶未完全吸收,而对照组为20.5%.
■BAL适用于入院前病程较长的患者,长时间的咳嗽,和反复发作的喘息。BAL治疗儿童小气道疾病可促进临床症状的消失,加速成像的改进,降低再住院率,并降低治疗成本。
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the treatment of children with small airway diseases.
UNASSIGNED: Children [n = 112; boys: 76, girls: 36 (ratio 2.1:1); age range: 1 month-10 years; median age: 12 months] with small airway diseases diagnosed by high-resolution computed tomography (
HRCT) were enrolled in this study. The patients were assigned to either the BAL group (BAL and conventional therapy) or the control group (conventional therapy only). The duration of cough, fever, wheezing, hospitalization duration, disease course before admission, treatment cost,
HRCT recovery time, and re-hospitalization rate were compared between the two groups.
UNASSIGNED: The median disease course before admission of the BAL group patients was longer than that of the controls (p = 0.006). The duration of cough and wheezing in the BAL group was significantly longer than that in the control group (p = 0.012 and p = 0.001, respectively). The recovery time of cough, the re-hospitalization rate, and the total expenditure incurred for the BAL group were lower than those for the control group (p = 0.027, p = 0.026, and p = 0.000, respectively). At 2 months after discharge, the small airway lesions were found to be absorbed in 86.2% of BAL group patients vs. 64.1% of control group patients. At 6 months after discharge, the lesions were not fully absorbed in 3.4% of the BAL group patients compared to 20.5% in the control group patients.
UNASSIGNED: BAL is suitable for patients with a long disease course before admission, a long duration of coughing, and recurrent wheezing. BAL treatment of small airway diseases in children can promote the disappearance of clinical symptoms, accelerate the improvement of imaging, reduce the rate of re-hospitalization, and reduce the cost of treatment.