背景:听力损失,老年人群的公共卫生问题,与功能衰退密切相关。
目的:研究四种膳食指数与听力状态之间的纵向关联。
方法:使用来自巴尔的摩衰老纵向研究的数据,包括882名年龄≥45岁的参与者。通过经过验证的食物频率问卷和四个饮食评分(地中海饮食方法停止高血压干预神经退行性延迟饮食[MIND],地中海式饮食[MDS],替代健康饮食指数[AHEI],和健康饮食指数[HEI])计算为一段时间的平均值。使用纯音测听法检查听力状态,和纯音平均(PTA)的听力阈值计算在语音水平(PTA(500,1000,2000,4000Hz),低(PTA(500,1000Hz))和高(PTA(4000,8000Hz))频率,较低的阈值表示更好的听力。使用多变量线性混合效应模型来检查饮食指数与听力阈值随时间变化之间的关联,并根据混杂因素进行调整。
结果:在基线时,参与者的平均年龄是67岁,55%女性平均随访8年,与MDS≤3相比,MDS≥7与3.5(95%CI:-6.5,-0.4)和5.0(95%CI:-9.1,-1.0)降低了PTA(500、1000、2000、4000Hz)和PTA(4000、8000Hz)相关;AHEI的最高三分位数与2.3(95%CI:-4.6,0.1)和5.0(95%CI-4000)相关的标准增量为0.5dB,-500,-1.1dB(95%CI:-2.1,-0.1),和2.1dB(95%CI:-3.5,-0.6)较低的PTA(500,1000,2000,4000Hz),PTA(500,1000Hz),和PTA(4000,8000Hz),分别。
结论:坚持健康的饮食模式与更好的听力状态有关,在高频率下具有更强的关联。
BACKGROUND: Hearing loss, a public health issue in older populations, is closely related to functional decline.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the longitudinal associations between 4 dietary indices and hearing status.
METHODS: Data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging were used and included 882 participants ≥45 y of age. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and 4 dietary scores (Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet [MIND], Mediterranean style diet score [MDS], Alternative Healthy Eating Index [AHEI], and Healthy Eating Index [
HEI]) were calculated as averages over time. Hearing status was examined using pure-tone audiometry, and pure-tone average (PTA) of hearing thresholds were calculated at speech-level (PTA(500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz)), low (PTA(500, 1000 Hz)), and high (PTA(4000, 8000 Hz)) frequencies, with lower thresholds indicating better hearing. Multivariable linear mixed-effect models were used to examine associations between dietary indices and hearing threshold change over time adjusted for confounders.
RESULTS: At baseline, the mean age of participants was 67 y and 55% were female. Over a median of 8 y of follow-up, MDS ≥7 was associated with 3.5 (95% CI: -6.5, -0.4) and 5.0 (95% CI: -9.1, -1.0) dB lower PTA(500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz) and PTA(4000, 8000 Hz), respectively, compared with MDS ≤3; the highest tertile of the AHEI was associated with 2.3 (95% CI: -4.6, -0.1) and 5.0 (95% CI: -8.0, -2.0) dB lower PTA(500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz) and PTA(4000, 8000 Hz); and each standard deviation increment in
HEI was associated with 1.6 dB (95% CI: -2.7, -0.6), 1.1 dB (95% CI: -2.1, -0.1), and 2.1 dB (95% CI: -3.5, -0.6) lower PTA(500, 1000, 2000, 4000 Hz), PTA(500, 1000 Hz), and PTA(4000, 8000 Hz), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to healthy dietary patterns was associated with better hearing status, with stronger associations at high frequencies. Am J Clin Nutr 20xx;x:xx.