背景:遏制抗生素耐药性的潜在负面影响,我们这个时代日益增长的全球公共卫生危机之一,需要定期监测抵抗情况,包括抗性基因的储备。野生鸟类,一种可能的抗生素耐药性的生物指示剂,有人建议在抗生素抗性细菌的传播中发挥作用。因此,这项研究的目的是通过使用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散法和PCR来确定100株海鸥和鸽子来源的大肠杆菌的表型和基因型耐药性。此外,通过RAPD-PCR确定分离株的遗传关系。
结果:表型抗生素药敏试验显示,63%(63/100)和29%(29/100)的大肠杆菌分离株对至少一种抗生素具有耐药性和多重耐药(MDR),分别。除了头孢菌素,大肠杆菌分离株100%易感,四环素(52%),卡那霉素(38%),链霉素(37%),氨苄青霉素(28%),氯霉素(21%),甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑(19%),庆大霉素(13%),恩诺沙星(12%)和环丙沙星(12%)在不同程度上检测到耐药。在研究的抗性基因中,tet(B)(66%),tet(A)(63%),aphA1(48%),sul3(34%),sul2(26%),检测到strA/strB(24%)和sul1(16%)。关于分离株的遗传多样性,基于RAPD-PCR的树状图基于70%的相似性阈值将鸽子和海鸥分离株分为5个不同的簇.树状图分析显示,鸽子源菌株之间的相似性为47-100%,鸥源大肠杆菌菌株之间的相似性为40-100%。
结论:这项研究表明,海鸥和鸽子携带MDR大肠杆菌分离株,这可能会通过用粪便污染环境而对动物和人类健康构成威胁。然而,从“一个健康”的角度调查菌株的遗传关系的大规模流行病学研究是必要的,以确定抗生素抗性细菌在野生鸟类之间可能的传播模式,环境,人类,和其他主机。视频摘要。
BACKGROUND: Curbing the potential negative impact of antibiotic resistance, one of our era\'s growing global public health crises, requires regular monitoring of the resistance situations, including the reservoir of resistance genes. Wild birds, a possible bioindicator of antibiotic resistance, have been suggested to play a role in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of determining the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profiles of 100 Escherichia coli isolates of
gull and pigeon origin by using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and PCR. Furthermore, the genetic relationships of the isolates were determined by RAPD-PCR.
RESULTS: Phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that 63% (63/100) and 29% (29/100) of E. coli isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and multidrug-resistant (MDR), respectively. With the exception of cephalothin, to which the E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible, tetracycline (52%), kanamycin (38%), streptomycin (37%), ampicillin (28%), chloramphenicol (21%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (19%), gentamicin (13%), enrofloxacin (12%) and ciprofloxacin (12%) resistances were detected at varying degrees. Among the investigated resistance genes, tet(B) (66%), tet(A) (63%), aphA1 (48%), sul3 (34%), sul2 (26%), strA/strB (24%) and sul1 (16%) were detected. Regarding the genetic diversity of the isolates, the RAPD-PCR-based dendrograms divided both pigeon and
gull isolates into five different clusters based on a 70% similarity threshold. Dendrogram analysis revealed 47-100% similarities among pigeon-origin strains and 40-100% similarities among
gull-origin E.coli strains.
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that gulls and pigeons carry MDR E. coli isolates, which may pose a risk to animal and human health by contaminating the environment with their feces. However, a large-scale epidemiological study investigating the genetic relationship of the strains from a \"one health\" point of view is warranted to determine the possible transmission patterns of antibiotic-resistant bacteria between wild birds, the environment, humans, and other hosts. Video Abstract.