背景:哮喘是一种常见的长期疾病,会影响所有年龄段的人。证据表明,海湾合作委员会(GCC)中很大一部分哮喘患者没有得到适当的诊断,监测和/或治疗。如果治疗不当,哮喘会对生活质量产生负面影响,并可能导致住院和死亡.尽管药剂师在全球哮喘护理中发挥着作用,在海湾合作委员会国家,药剂师在为哮喘患者提供治疗方面似乎没有明确的作用.
目的:本范围综述旨在回顾和总结在海湾合作委员会国家开展的研究,这些研究涉及药剂师对成人哮喘患者的管理或评估药剂师的哮喘护理知识和/或技能。
方法:进行了系统范围评价。使用相关搜索词搜索了7个数据库,查找截至2023年5月发表的文章。评估药剂师角色的研究,为阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE)的成年人提供哮喘护理的知识和技能,卡塔尔,科威特,阿曼,沙特阿拉伯,巴林被认为有资格列入名单。提取的数据使用表格进行整理,并用于产生叙述性描述性摘要。
结果:在1588个搜索结果中,只有7项研究符合纳入标准.其中,在阿联酋,只有一个人在社区药房为哮喘患者开发并测试了药剂师主导的吸入器技术教育干预措施.其余六项研究评估了阿联酋社区药剂师在提供哮喘管理和患者教育方面的知识,沙特阿拉伯和卡塔尔。纳入研究的质量各不相同,其中有4项依赖于模拟患者来评估药剂师的知识。测试干预措施的研究表明,接受干预措施后,吸入器技术和哮喘症状控制有所改善。研究结果表明,需要提高药剂师对吸入器技术演示(主要是定量吸入器)的认识,哮喘管理建议以及哮喘控制和药物使用评估。
结论:这篇综述强调了在海湾合作委员会国家缺乏药剂师主导的哮喘干预研究,并确定了使药剂师参与哮喘治疗的培训需求。未来的研究可以开发涉及药剂师的方法,以改善该地区的哮喘护理和结果。
BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common long-term condition that affects people of all ages. Evidence suggests that a significant proportion of asthma patients in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) do not receive appropriate diagnosis, monitoring and/or treatment. When inadequately treated, asthma can negatively affect quality of life and may lead to hospitalisation and death. Although pharmacists play a role in asthma care globally, there appears to be no defined role for pharmacists in providing care to patients with asthma in the GCC countries.
OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to review and summarise studies conducted in the GCC countries involving pharmacists in the management of adults with asthma or evaluating pharmacists\' asthma care knowledge and/or skills.
METHODS: A systematic scoping review was undertaken. Seven databases were searched using relevant search terms for articles published up to May 2023. Studies that evaluated pharmacists roles, knowledge and skills in providing asthma care to adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain were considered eligible for inclusion. Extracted data were collated using tables and used to produce narrative descriptive summaries.
RESULTS: Out of the 1588 search results, only seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of those, only one developed and tested a pharmacist-led inhaler technique educational intervention in the UAE within community pharmacy setting for asthma patients. The remaining six studies assessed community pharmacists knowledge in providing asthma management and patient education in UAE, Saudi Arabia and Qatar. The quality of the included studies varied with four relying on simulated patients to assess pharmacists knowledge. The study that tested the intervention suggested improvement in inhaler technique and asthma symptoms control after receiving the intervention. The findings suggest a need to improve pharmacists knowledge of inhaler technique demonstration (mainly Metered Dose Inhalers), asthma management advice and assessment of asthma control and medication use.
CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights a lack of research on pharmacist-led asthma interventions and identifies training needs to enable pharmacists to be involved in asthma care in the GCC countries. Future research could develop approaches involving pharmacists to improve asthma care and outcomes in the region.