肌内脂肪(IMF)含量对肉类生产和人体健康具有重要意义,宿主遗传学及其微生物组极大地促进了其变异。这项研究的目的是通过选择微生物组的分类组成来描述IMF的遗传修饰的后果,使用来自IMF的第10代不同选择实验的兔子(高(H)和低(L)线相差3.8个标准偏差)。选择改变了肠道微生物群的组成。在属水平(51属)上比在门水平(10门)上更好地区分了相关的反应。H线富含匈牙利纹状体,Limosilactacillus,军团菌,溶血芽孢杆菌,Phorphyromonas,Methanosphaera,Desulfovibrio,和Akkermansia,而L-线富含埃希氏菌,甲烷杆菌,Fonticella,CandidatusAmulumruptor,甲烷杆菌,Exiguobacterium,Fllintibacter,和球菌,在其他具有较小线条差异的属中。从这些属中的四个属的丰度产生的微生物生物标记物在logit回归中以78%的准确度对品系进行分类。我们的结果表明,具有不同IMF基因型的宿主中肠道微生物组组成不同。此外,我们提供了一种微生物生物标志物,用作遗传上倾向于积累肌肉脂质的宿主的指标,这为研究开发针对IMF的基于益生菌或微生物组的育种策略提供了机会。
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is important for meat production and human health, where the host genetics and its microbiome greatly contribute to its variation. The aim of this study is to describe the consequences of the genetic modification of IMF by selecting the taxonomic composition of the microbiome, using rabbits from the 10th generation of a divergent selection experiment for IMF (high (H) and low (L) lines differ by 3.8 standard deviations). The selection altered the composition of the gut microbiota. Correlated responses were better distinguished at the genus level (51 genera) than at the phylum level (10 phyla). The H-line was enriched in Hungateiclostridium, Limosilactobacillus, Legionella, Lysinibacillus, Phorphyromonas, Methanosphaera, Desulfovibrio, and Akkermansia, while the L-line was enriched in Escherichia, Methanobrevibacter, Fonticella, Candidatus Amulumruptor, Methanobrevibacter, Exiguobacterium, Flintibacter, and Coprococcus, among other genera with smaller line differences. A microbial biomarker generated from the abundance of four of these genera classified the lines with 78% accuracy in a logit regression. Our results demonstrate different gut microbiome compositions in hosts with divergent IMF genotypes. Furthermore, we provide a microbial biomarker to be used as an indicator of hosts genetically predisposed to accumulate muscle lipids, which opens up the opportunity for research to develop probiotics or microbiome-based breeding strategies targeting IMF.