多年生木本植物八仙花由于其独特的花卉发育机制而具有重要的研究价值。导致装饰花,可以享受相对较长的时间。然而,目前尚不完全了解拟南芥“Annabelle”当年花卉发育的调节机制。在这项研究中,我们进行了相关分析,以通过结合物候观察来探索H.arborescens\'Annabelle''的核心调节网络,生理测定,和七个花卉发育阶段的转录组比较。通过这种分析,我们构建了一个基于最高倒数排序(HRR)的基因共表达网络(GCN),使用从七个开花相关途径中鉴定的509个差异表达基因(DEGs),以及八种开花相关植物激素的生物合成和转录组学分析中的信号转导。根据GCN的分析,我们确定了14个具有最高功能连接的关键基因,这些基因在特定发育阶段起关键作用.我们证实了135个转录因子(AP2/ERF,bHLH,CO-like,GRAS,MIKC,SBP,WRKY)与14个关键基因高度共表达,表明它们与当年花卉的发展密切相关。我们进一步提出了全花发育的基因调控网络的假设模型。这个模型表明光周期,老化,和赤霉素途径,随着植物激素脱落酸(ABA),赤霉素(GA),油菜素类固醇(BR),和茉莉酸(JA),协同工作,促进花卉过渡。此外,生长素,GA,JA,ABA,水杨酸(SA)通过参与生物钟来调节开花过程。细胞分裂素(CTK),乙烯(ETH),SA是影响花衰老的关键调节剂。此外,几个花卉集成商(HaLFY,HaSOC1-2,HaAP1,HaFULL,HaAGL24,HaFLC,等。)是树枝花发育的主要贡献者。总的来说,这项研究提供了一个全面的理解的动态机制,潜在的整个过程中的年度花卉发展,从而为进一步研究拟南芥“Annabelle”的花发育提供有价值的见解。
The perennial woody plant Hydrangea arborescens \'Annabelle\' is of great research value due to its unique mechanism of flower development that occurs in the current year, resulting in decorative flowers that can be enjoyed for a relatively long period of time. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of current-year flower development in H. arborescens \'Annabelle\' are still not fully understood. In this study, we conducted an associated analysis to explore the core regulating network in H. arborescens \'Annabelle\' by combining phenological observations, physiological assays, and transcriptome comparisons across seven flower developmental stages. Through this analysis, we constructed a gene co-expression network (GCN) based on the highest reciprocal rank (HRR), using 509 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified from seven flowering-related pathways, as well as the biosynthesis of eight flowering-related phytohormones and signal transduction in the transcriptomic analysis. According to the analysis of the GCN, we identified 14 key genes with the highest functional connectivity that played critical roles in specific development stages. We confirmed that 135 transcription factors (AP2/ERF, bHLH, CO-like, GRAS, MIKC, SBP, WRKY) were highly co-expressed with the 14 key genes, indicating their close associations with the development of current-year flowers. We further proposed a hypothetical model of a gene regulatory network for the development of the whole flower. This model suggested that the photoperiod, aging, and gibberellin pathways, along with the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA), brassinosteroid (BR), and jasmonic acid (JA), work synergistically to promote the floral transition. Additionally, auxin, GA, JA, ABA, and salicylic acid (SA) regulated the blooming process by involving the circadian clock. Cytokinin (CTK), ethylene (ETH), and SA were key regulators that affected flower senescence. Additionally, several floral integrators (HaLFY, HaSOC1-2, HaAP1, HaFULL, HaAGL24, HaFLC, etc.) were dominant contributors to the development of H. arborescens flowers. Overall, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic mechanism underlying the entire process of current-year flower development, thereby offering valuable insights for further studies on the flower development of H. arborescens \'Annabelle\'.