这项研究调查了具有不同性别认同以及与五种类型的儿童虐待有关的人的心理健康障碍和健康风险行为的发生率。我们使用了澳大利亚儿童虐待研究(ACMS)的数据,一项针对16岁及以上澳大利亚居民的全国代表性调查,旨在了解虐待儿童的经历(身体虐待,性虐待,情感虐待,疏忽,暴露于家庭暴力)。精神障碍-重度抑郁症,广泛性焦虑症(GAD),酒精使用障碍,创伤后应激障碍(PTSD),和健康危险行为——吸烟,暴饮暴食,大麻依赖,自我伤害,并评估了过去12个月内的自杀未遂。经历过儿童虐待的具有不同性别身份的人发生GAD的可能性(43.3%;95%CI[30.3,56.2])明显高于经历过儿童虐待的男性(13.8%;[12.0,15.5])或顺性别女性(17.4%;[15.7,19.2])。同样,PTSD的患病率更高(21.3%;[11.1,31.5]),自我伤害(27.8%;[17.1,38.5])和自杀未遂(7.2%;[3.1,11.3])为具有不同性别身份的人。创伤知情方法,适应任何虐待儿童的可能性很高,不同类型的共存可能会使经历GAD的具有不同性别认同的人受益,创伤后应激障碍,自我伤害,自杀行为,或其他健康危险行为。
This study examined rates of mental health disorders and health risk behaviors in people with diverse gender identities and associations with five types of child maltreatment. We used data from the Australian Child Maltreatment Study (ACMS), a nationally representative survey of Australian residents aged 16 years and more, which was designed to understand the experience of child maltreatment (physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, exposure to domestic violence). Mental disorders-major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), alcohol use disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and health risk behaviors-smoking, binge drinking, cannabis dependence, self-harm, and suicide attempt in the past 12 months were assessed. People with diverse gender identities who experienced child maltreatment were significantly more likely to have GAD (43.3%; 95% CI [30.3, 56.2]) than those who had experienced child maltreatment who were either cisgender men (13.8%; [12.0, 15.5]) or cisgender women (17.4%; [15.7, 19.2]). Similarly, higher prevalence was found for PTSD (21.3%; [11.1, 31.5]), self-harm (27.8%; [17.1, 38.5]) and suicide attempt (7.2%; [3.1, 11.3]) for people with diverse gender identities. Trauma-informed approaches, attuned to the high likelihood of any child maltreatment, and the co-occurrence of different kinds may benefit people with diverse gender identities experiencing GAD, PTSD, self-harm, suicidal behaviors, or other health risk behaviors.